Biographical Memoirs Volume 47 (1975) / Chapter Skim
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2 Arthur Louis Day
2 Arthur Louis Day
Pages 26-47
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From page 27... ...
ABELSON ARTHUR L DAY usually described himself as a physicist, but this description is too simple for a man whose scientific achievements spanned the fields of physics, geophysical chemistry, volcanology, seismology, and ceramic research.
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From page 28... ...
Day undertook to extend the nitrogen thermometer scale. While this work was under way at the Survey, in 1902 Andrew Carnegie created the Carnegie Institution of Washington "to encourage, in the broadest and most liberal manner, investigation, research and discovery, and the application of knowledge to the improvement of mankind." As soon as an Executive Committee was formed, an investigation was begun to determine what work should be undertaken in the near future by the new institution.
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In December 1905, the Carnegie Institution, seeing that the work was bringing results, appropriated money for the creation of a geophysical laboratory in Washington to house the work.
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Before the war optical glass was obtained almost exclusively from Germany, and by 1917 the United States had exhausted its own small supply in filling orders from Great Britain and Canada. To make the situation worse, European methods of manufacture had been kept secret and there were no American glassmakers experienced in optical glass production.
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From page 31... ...
Following this revelation, there were earnest conferences in the National Research Council before a course of action was determined upon, which was to ask the President of the Carnegie Institution of Washington to allow the resources of the Geophysical Laboratory, both in men and apparatus, to be applied to this overwhelming task, not that optical glass had ever been made there, but that at the Geophysical Laboratory there was available a larger and more experienced group of silicate chemists than perhaps could be found elsewhere. On April 19, 1917, thirteen days after the United States
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From page 32... ...
The silicate chemists pursued the usual research methods to discover what they could about optical glass. They analyzed existing samples and assembled the indicated raw materials; they calculated the evaporation of alkali during the melting process and the kind and amount of material likely to be dissolved out of the containing vessel; and they estimated what the initial composition would be that would yield the required product.
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From page 33... ...
By the time of the armistice, in 1918, Dr. Day had supervised the production of over 90 percent of the optical glass produced in the United States, and a crisis had been averted.
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From page 34... ...
This called for the active guidance and financial support of some organization that could enlist the cooperation of the appropriate organizations and individuals. Shortly after John Merriam was elected president of the Carnegie Institution in 1921, it was proposed that the Institution enter the field of seismology and the Advisory Committee in Seismology was formed.
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Geological Survey, the University of California, Stanford University, the observatories at Mount Hamilton, Ukiah, and Mount Wilson, the U.S. Bureau of Standards, and the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington.
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From page 36... ...
His memberships also included the Accademia dei Lincei of Rome, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, the American Chemical Society, the American Physical Society, the American Geophysical Union, the Franklin Institute, the Turin Academy, the Geological Society of London, the Society of Glass Technology, the Societe Hollandaise des Sciences of Haarlem, and the academies of sciences of Sweden, Norway, and the U.S.S.R.
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From page 37... ...
Day Volume" contains twenty-three scientific papers on geophysical and geochemical topics, contributed by twenty-four active or former members of the Geophysical Laboratory staff.
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From page 38... ...
W Greig of the Geophysical Laboratory in 1940 and to research by Richard T
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= Smithsonian Institution Annual Report 1899 With Ludwig Holborn. uber das Luftthermometer bet hohen Temperaturen.
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Uber die Ausdehnung einiger Metalle in hoher Temperaturen.
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Geophysical Laboratory. Carnegie Inst.
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From page 42... ...
Sosman. Die Stickstofftl~ermometerskala van 300°(i30 ° und eine direkte Bestimmung des Siedepunktes des Schwefels.
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From page 43... ...
Die Bestimmung der Dichte van Mineralien und Gesteinen bei hohen Temperaturen. Neues {ahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologic und Palaontologie, BeilageBand 40, pp.
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The source of the heat and the source of the water in the hot springs of the Lassen National Park.
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The volcanic activity and hot springs of Lassen Peak. Carnegie Inst.
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Hot Springs of the Yellowstone National Park. Carnegie Inst.
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From page 47... ...
501, 3-35. Volcanoes, geysers and hot springs.
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