Biographical Memoirs Volume 47 (1975) / Chapter Skim
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8 Eugene Lindsay Opie
8 Eugene Lindsay Opie
Pages 292-321
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From page 293... ...
He later went on to studies that had wide influence in malaria, tuberculosis, the fundamentals of immunology, the general principles of inflammation, medical education and leukemia and cancer. In the late years of his life—his last research paper was published in 1970—he was concerned with factors maintaining the proper water balance in animal tissues.
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From page 294... ...
Typhoid fever and malaria were rampant in these camps, and the two young Hopkins interns learned much that they used later in understanding the ravages of these diseases. This is an appropriate place to mention another pioneer investigation in which Opie and MacCallum were engaged as medical students.
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From page 295... ...
This led, first, to a new outlook on diabetes and eventually to an understanding of the role of the pancreas in furnishing an internally secreted hormone regulating carbohydrate metabolism in the body. Other investigations brought out the effect of gallstones impacted at the point of union of the bile and pancreatic ducts—diverting bile to the pancreas and causing the grave lesion hemorrhagic pan
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From page 296... ...
The Rockefeller Institute and the Henry Phipps Institute in Philadelphia, as Opie later wrote, ensured the privilege of pursuing research under conditions that permitted the results of one study to suggest the next, year after year, with few unwelcome interruptions. One of the most favorable influences at the Rockefeller Institute was daily close association with a score of dedicated investigators who helped make up the backbone of America's early laboratory medical research.
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From page 297... ...
In "Peripatetic Education of a Pathologist," he noted a widespread tendency of medical schools to choose pathologists as deans. The medical school of Washington University proved no exception, and Opie soon found himself in that responsible, but not altogether desirable, position.
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From page 298... ...
Additional studies in the immunologicai field, particularly on enzymes, leukocytic and other phagocytic cells, and antigens and antibodies, related immunological sequences to the pathology of inflammation. These studies were continued on a wider scale at the Henry Phipps Institute in subsequent years.
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From page 299... ...
The relative importance of heredity, nutrition and transmission of infection was actively discussed. Studies at the Phipps Institute emphasized the dominant importance of the latter.
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From page 300... ...
The starting dates of childhood infection, in particular, could be determined precisely, and by family X-ray examination the source of the new infection could generally be identified promptly, and protective measures instituted immediately. Long after he left the Phipps Institute, Opie continued with this pattern of study on tuberculosis.
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From page 301... ...
. Vend—ne related Immunological [actors to surface properties of bacteria and mammalian cells, determined the role of dead tubercle bacilli as an immunizing factor in promoting phagocytosis, and described the fixation of inflammatory irritants at the site of inflammation.
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From page 302... ...
One of his biographers, John Kidd, testified to the value of Opie's immense erudition, wisdom, rich experience, long perspective, and uncommon good sense in solving the multiple problems met by the Board. During this period influential immunological studies were also conducted, particularly with Jules Freund, on sensitization and antibody formation, tuberculosis in a variety of aspects, leukemia, and inflammation.
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From page 303... ...
were on arteriosclerosis in the mesenteric arteries of rats, and adoption of standards of the best medical schools of Western Europe by schools in the United States. It must not be forgotten that the later studies were carried out in the face of gathering frailty of age and loss of sight and hearing.
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From page 304... ...
Prominent among these was the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation, which was extremely helpful in his tuberculosis and immunological studies. The National
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From page 305... ...
Medals conferred upon him included the Trudeau Medal of the National Tuberculosis Association, the medal of the Puerto Rico Society of Phthisiologists, the Gerhard Medal of the Pathological Society of Philadelphia, the Gold Headed Cane of the American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists, the Banting Medal of the American Diabetes Association, the gold medal of the New York Academy of Medicine, the T Duckett tones "VVO-l~ I Lll~ llCICll may VVIllUley rounuarlon, and the WeberParkes prize of the Royal College of Physicians of London.
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From page 306... ...
He could be firm in defending his opinions in controversy, but always temperately. That wise commentator and warm friend of many years, Peyton Rous, writing of Opie's accomplishments under the intriguing title, "An inquiry into certain aspects of Eugene L
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From page 307... ...
Ser. —American journal of Hygiene Monograph Series Am.
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From page 308... ...
An experimental study of the relation of cells with eosinophile granulation to infection with an animal parasite (Trichina spiralis)
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From page 309... ...
Data concerning the etiology and pathology of hemorrhagic necrosis of the pancreas Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis)
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From page 310... ...
Changes in the proteolytic enzymes and anti-enzymes of the blood serum produced by substances (chloroform and phosphorus) which cause degenerative changes in the liver.
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From page 311... ...
402 pp. Phthisiogenesis and latent tuberculous infection.
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From page 312... ...
Pathogenesis of the specific inflammatory reaction of immunized animals (Arthus phenomenon) ; the relation of focal "sensitization" to immunity.
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From page 313... ...
Aronson. Human and bovine tubercle bacilli in latent tuberculous lesions.
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From page 314... ...
.T- Hyg., 12:1-61. The significance of advanced tuberculous infection of school children.
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From page 315... ...
An experimental study of protective inoculation with heat killed tubercle bacilli.
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From page 316... ...
Protective inoculation against human tuberculosis with heat killed tubercle bacilli.
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From page 317... ...
Normal structure and degenerative changes of the cytoplasm of liver cells and of tumor cells derived from them.
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From page 318... ...
Med., 97~4~: 499-503. 1954 Osmotic activity of liver cells and melting point of liver.
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From page 319... ...
Med., 112~3~:491-98. 1961 The relation of oxygen supply to water movement and to urea formation in surviving liver tissue.
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From page 320... ...
Adoption of standards of the best medical schools of Western Europe by those of the United States. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 13: 309-42.
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