Biographical Memoirs Volume 54 (1983) / Chapter Skim
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Adolph Hans Schultz
Adolph Hans Schultz
Pages 324-349
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From page 325... ...
States, and then again SwitzerIand serves to divide Adolph Schultz's life span of eighty-five years into four segments: one, a German period (from his birth on November 14, TS91 to cat ISLE; two, a first Swiss period (from cat I S97 to 1916~; three, an American period (from 1916 to 19511; and four, a second Swiss period (from 1951 to his cleath on May 26, 19761. The American period was not only the longest, but also the most scientifically productive; it comprised the peak years, between the ages of twenty-five and sixty, of his career.
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From page 326... ...
Walcleyer's anatomy department in Berlin he obtained the skulls of some West African Negroes and Chinese; in Professor G Schwalbe's anatomy department in Strassburg, Greenland Eskimos; in Professor A
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These four publications also reveal a beginning shift in interest from traditional physical anthropology, which deals mostly with man, the highest primate, to a broader type of study (now called primatology) , which deals with all the primates.
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Last not least, in 1914 there appeared Martin's great Lehrbuch der Anthropolog~e, in which primates were dealt with in every chapter, confirming the close alliance between physical anthropology and primatology.... It is hardly surprising that as a young student of anthropology in the midst of so much primatological interest I soon came to feel that the study of nonhuman primates was really more fascinating and rewarding than that of mere man, whose morphology had already become known to what seemed to me then down to the last details.2 III.
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From page 329... ...
Schultz's bibliography shows that by 1921 he was also studying primate specimens other than human. One of his papers that year reports the occurrence of a sternal gland in Carnegie Institution of Washington, Yearbook, ~ 3 ( ~ 9 ~ 4)
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Clark of the Gorgas Memorial Institute for Tropical Medicine and centered on Chiriqui in western Panama. Originally clesigned primarily to acquire embryos and fetuses, the success otherwise of all these trips may be judged from the number of mature skulls alone collected: a total of 379 from among three species (howlers, capuchins, and spiders)
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From page 331... ...
Animal dealers, directors of zoos, and owners of circuses responded generously, but their shipments of deact animals occasionally led to amusing incidents. For example, there is the tale of the zealous prohibition agents in Washington's Union Station, who, after apprehending a zoo attendant bound for Baltimore, were abashed to finct that the bag he was carrying, when opened in the midst of a crowd, containect a dead monkey and not the suspected liquid contrabancI.
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From page 332... ...
In Thailand, the first stop for fierce work, the party proceeded to the city of Chiang Mai, 375 miles north of Bangkok; before leaving the country two months later they had amassed a total of 233 gibbons, along with representat~ves of other kinds of primates. Subsequently Schultz and Washburn spent three months near Sandakan in North Borneo collecting forty-four gibbons, seven orange, and series of several kinds of lower primates.
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From page 333... ...
Among the larger pieces may be mentioned the 1930 article in Human Biology (136 pages, 23 hand-drawn figures) and the 1944 article in theAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology (129 pages, 30 hand-drawn figures)
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From the combined collections Schultz selected for exhibition some of the more unusual specimens ant] others that illustrated evolutionary changes and phylogenetic relationships.
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From page 335... ...
This is not to say, as a colleague has noted, that he was not "capable of moral indignation and strong language at misbehavior, professional or other."4 Yet he rarely American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 46 (1977)
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As the above chronicle shows, his central aim from the outset of his career was to acquire as much data on the physiques of as many different kinds of primates as possible for the purpose of drawing therefrom broad generalizations and sound taxonomic conclusions. Eventually he had access to larger samples of many more different species of nonhuman primates than anyone before him.
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From page 337... ...
Erikson in 1981 (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 56~41:365-71) contains personal reminiscences and ten photographs taken in Baltimore and Zurich.
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From page 338... ...
Schweitzerische Gesellschaft fur Anthropologie (Hon.) Schweitzerische Naturforschende Gesellschaft Zurcher Naturforschende Gesellschaft Instituto Italiano di Antropologie, Roma gia Societa Romana di Antropologia International Primatological Society (Hon.)
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* Form, Grosse und Lage der Squama temporalis des Menschen.
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Fetuses of the Guiana howling monkey. Zoologica (N.Y.)
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From page 341... ...
Soc. Etude Formes Humaines, 5:270-334.
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Die Korperproportionen der erwachsenen catarrhinen Primaten, mit spezieller Berucksichtigung der Menschenaffen. Anthropol.
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In: Neue Forschungen in Tierzucht und Abstammungslehre (Festschrift zum 60; Geburtstag von Prof.
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Relative growth of the limb segments and tail in Ateles geoffroyi and Cebus capucinus.
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11:277-311. 1954 Studien uber die Wirbelzahlen und die Korperproportionen von Halbaffen.
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Die Bedeutung der Primatenkunde fur des Verstandnis der Anthropogenese.
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From page 347... ...
Significance of recent primatology for physical anthropology. In: Men and Cultures: Selected Papers of the Fifth International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Philadelphia 1956, ed A
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From page 348... ...
Yerkes Newsl., 3:1~29. 1968 Form und Funktion der Primatenhande.
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1973 Age changes, variability and generic differences in body proportions of recent hominoids. Folia Primatol., 19:338-59.
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