Advanced Technology for Human Support in Space (1997) / Chapter Skim
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1 INTRODUCTION
1 INTRODUCTION
Pages 10-21
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The Executive Summary provides a summary of the most important recommendations. In Chapters 2 through 5, which deal with each of the four programs that comprise the Advanced Human Support Technology Program, the findings and recommendations are grouped into eight categories.
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The Advanced Human Support Technology Program is unusual in OLMSA because its primary emphasis is on developing technologies to support humans in space rather than on basic scientific findings. Until 1993, almost all of OLMSA's projects in technology development were directly related to conducting specific experiments or sets of experiments in space.
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undertake a study of the four areas of the Advanced Human Support Technology Program. The NRC Committee on Advanced Technology for Human Support in Space was chartered to assess the status of technologies in these areas as well as iSince this study was completed, much of the transition of program control from NASA headquarters to NASA centers for the four human support programs has been accomplished.
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. Therefore, for purposes of this study, the committee drew on the 1996 NASA Strategic Plan and the 1996 NASA Human Exploration and Development of Space Strategic Plan in setting a time frame for technology preparedness.
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Advanced Environmental Monitoring and Control Program The advanced EMC program was started by OLMSA in 1994 as a technology development program. OLMSA has a related environmental health program that focuses on scientific research.
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, are: · to expand knowledge of human psychological and physical capabilities and limitations in space through basic and applied research, tests, and evaluations · to develop cost-effective technologies that support integrating the human and system elements of space flight · to ensure that mission planners use human factors research results and technology developments to increase mission success and crew safety to make NASA technology available to the private sector for Earth applications or to use appropriate new technologies developed by private industry OFFICE OF LIFE AND MICROGRAVITY SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS WORK AT NASA CENTERS Work is funded by the four human support programs at five NASA centers: JSC; Ames Research Center (ARC) ; Kennedy Space Center (KSC)
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MSFC staff have also assisted in planning the flight programs sponsored by OLMSA's human support programs. OLMSA is also sponsoring MSFC-led work to perform risk reduction flight tests of ALS subsystem technologies on the Space Shuttle.
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The 1996 NASA Strategic Plan describes NASA's long-term goals for the human exploration of space. Figure 1-2 is a summary chart from the 1996 Strategic Plan.
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19 i if ~E~ - n ~ ttI ° ~ i ° ~ | E ~ I ~ E o s U ~;~ 5, 1 ~ G 0, t O 9 ~ 1 r | ~ ~ ~ ~ a, 1 8 t | | - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e | ~ [~ t 1]
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The 1996 NASA HEDS Enterprise Strategic Plan is more explicit than the overall NASA Strategic Plan about the goals and objectives for exploration but not about the timing of future missions. The HEDS document states that closed life support systems might be validated on the ISS or on the Moon and that related technologies and systems will be "developed and tested to demonstrate longterm reliability and dramatically lower operating costs." On the basis of the information in these plans and for the purposes of this study, the committee has used 2010 to 2020 as the target time for using new technologies for human support beyond LEO.
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1996b. NASA Strategic Plan.
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