Engineering Graduate Education and Research (1985) / Chapter Skim
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2 The Background
2 The Background
Pages 8-16
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From page 8... ...
Among them are the technological explosion of World War II, the publication of the Grinter Report in 1955, the publication of the President's Science Advisory Committee {PSACJ report in 1962, the Goals Study of 1963-1968, and the retrenchment of 19691971. Each of these is discussed belong.
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From page 9... ...
Year Foreign Foreign Foreign Ending Nationals Total Nationals TotalNationalsTotal 1950 n/a 48,160 n/a 4,865n/a492 1951 n/a 37,887 n/a 5,134n/a58( 1952 n/a 27,155 n/a 4,132n/a586 1953 n/a 24,165 n/a 3,636n/a592 1954 n/a 22,236 n/a 4,078n/a590 1955 n/a 22,589 r~/a 4,379n/a599 1956 n/a 26,306 n/a 4,589n/a610 1957 n/a 31,221 r:/a 5,093n/a596 1958 n/a 35,332 n/a 5,669n/a647 1959 n/a 38,134 r~/a 6,615n/a714 1960 n/a 37,808 n/a 6,989n/a786 1961 n/a 35,860 n/a 7,977n/a943 1962 n/a 34,735 n/a 8,909n/a1,207 1963 n/a 33,458 n/a 9,460n/a1,378 1964 n/a 35,226 n/a 10,827n/a1,693 1965 n/a 36,691 n/a 12,246n/a2,124 1966 n/a 35,815 n/a 13,677n/a2,303 1967 n/a 36,186 r~/a 13,887n/a2,614 1968 nfa 38,002 n/a 15,152n/a2,933 1969 n/a 39,972 n/a 14,980n/a3,387 1970 n/a 42,966 n/a 15,548n/a3,620 1971 1,565 43,167 2,930 16,3837413,640 1972 1,944 44,190 2,973 17,3567733,774 1973 2,136 43,429 2,551 17,1527083,587 1974 2,436 41,407 3,099 15,8851,0143,362 1975 2,468 38,210 3,250 15,7738913,138 1976 2,799 37,970 3,628 16,5061,0602,977 1977 2,996 40,095 3,825 16,5519952,813 1978 3,084 46,091 3,579 15,7368742,573 1979 3,788 52,598 3,944 15,6249292,815 1980 4,895 58,742 4,402 16,9419822,751 1981 5,622 62,935 4,589 17,6431,0542,841 1982 5,410 66,990 5,216 18,2891,1672,887 1983 6,151 72,471 5,145 19,6731,1793,023 NOTE: n/a = not available. SOURCES: Data for 1950-1952 taken from Facilities and Opponunities for Graduate Study in Engineenng, Americ~n Society for Engineering Education, Washington, D.C., March 1968.
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From page 10... ...
degrees in "Computer Science," as a subheading under "Physical Sciences." Since the latter report is based upon self-reporting of doctor's degree recipients, the number of 220 computer science Ph.D.s can probably be taken as a more accurate indication of the total number of computer-oriented Ph.D.s per year than the 102 shown in this table, some of which may be "Computer Science" and some of which may be "Computer Engineering." The problems that stem from self-reporting by individuals and from diverse organizational lines of reporting will cause the actual numbers to remain uncertain until definitions and organizational structures can be clarified. SOURCE: Paul Doigan, "Engineering Degrees Granted, 1983, " Engineenng Education, April 1984, pp.
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From page 11... ...
Grinter Report, 1952-1955 The move toward including more science in engineering was for, ., alized by the publication in 1955 of the Report on EvaJuation of Engineering Education, more familiarly known by the name of the chairman of the study committee as the "Grinter Report."3 This report recommended strengthening of work in the sciences, strengthening of graduate programs, and development of superior engineering faculty members. The Grinter Report also recommended the following: integrated study of analysis, design, and engineering systems to enhance professional background; curricular flexibility; strengthening of humanities and social sciences in engineering programs; development
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From page 12... ...
The major growth trend in engineering graduate programs originated at about the tone of the publication of this report. PSAC Report, 1962 In 1962 the President's Science Advisory Committee published a report entitled Meeting ManpowerNeedsin Science and Technology.4 The "PSAC Report" declared that the acceleration of graduate training in engineering, mathematics, and physical sciences, especially at the doctoral level, was a matter of urgent national priority requiring immediate action, without which severe shortages of engineers and scientists would occur.
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From page 13... ...
{Note: Triangles represent Office of Education projections; circles and accompanying numbers represent Goals Study predictions for 1978.) SOURCE: ASEE Goals Study (ref.
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From page 14... ...
SOURCE: Data from Engineering Manpower Commission.
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From page 15... ...
In response, the Goals Committee, in its final report, recommended that the import~nce of the bachelor's degree should be retained, but continued to insist that the importance of the master's degree should increase. In the years since publication of the Goals Report, the bachelor's degree has in deed maintained its importance, and it still represents the entry level for many kinds of professional engineering tasks.
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From page 16... ...
All of these events received a high level of media exposure, which produced an exaggerated and misreading picture of the employment picture for engineers.~0 ii ~2 The cumulative effects of these events on engineering education were drastic. Undergraduate enrollments plummeted {see Figure 4 for 1970-1973 period, but then recovered as it became apparent that the adverse publicity had been substantially misleading.
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