An Evaluation of Radiation Exposure Guidance for Military Operations Interim Report (1997) / Chapter Skim
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In the post Cold War setting, military scenarios involving radioactive contamination rarely reflect global nuclear war, but more often consider limited nuclear exchanges, terrorist actions using improvised nuclear devices, conventional explosives employed as a means of disseminating radioactive materials, or nuclear power plant accidents. In these scenarios, radioactive contamination would be more restricted geographically and the immediate risk to the health of a soldier might be much lower.
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In answering its charge, the committee reviews the basic principles of radiation physics and radiobiology and presents an overview of current practices in radiation protection in the civilian sector and in the Army. From this basis the committee comments on the technical aspects of the NATO guidance and makes several recommendations.
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The improvements recommended by the committee should be viewed as constructive and in no way diminish the significant progress that the Army has made toward the control of the complete spectrum of radiation hazards on the battlefield and in nonwartime situations. While the ACE Directive is useful as a basis for establishing guidelines to protect soldiers from the adverse effects of radiation, the committee recommends that it be revised to assure completeness and clarity.
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The ACE Directive appears to manage all military missions involving radiation exposures as interventions. While this is clearly appropriate for many missions (e.g., emergencies, radiation accidents, and operations involving hostile action)
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For most cases in the ACE Directive radiological hazard simply means radiation. PROSPECTIVE RISK ASSESSMENTS The committee recommends that the Army: 7.
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15. Expand Operational Exposure Guidance to include radiation doses from both internal and external sources of radiation.
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The reference levels shown in the Operational Exposure Guidance table (Annex A) appear at least as stringent as those found in current civilian radiation protection recommendations of expert national and international advisory bodies.
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Additionally, we have compared the ACE Directive with prevailing international and national philosophies of radiation protection and the existing Army framework for radiation safety. We found that the ACE Directive is incomplete in scope and unclear in certain areas.
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