Brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Area (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: Meeting Agendas and Presentations
Appendix B: Meeting Agendas and Presentations
Pages 146-180
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From page 146... ...
Opening remarks, introductions Lee Paulson, Project Director Norman Cheville, Principal Investigator Dale McCullough, Principal Investibator b. Comments Factors in transmission Dan Huff, National Park Service, Department of the Interior jack Rhyan, APHIS, U
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From page 147... ...
Elk as a reinfection pathway for bison Terry Kreeger q. Outcomes for vaccination program specific to bison given the presence of BrucelIa aborts in elk and other wildlife Terly Kreeger
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From page 148... ...
Steve Olsen Fred Enright Phi} EIzer 1 1:45 Discussion 12:15 Lunch break ~ :30 Public comments from interested parties 3:30 Adjourn
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From page 149... ...
wildlife research in Yellowstone and Grant! Teton National Parks Wayne Brewster, National Park Service 1 2:00 Lunch 1:00 Research in elk Terry Kreeger, Wyoming Game and Fish RB51 in elk Phi!
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From page 150... ...
Iso 2:30 Break 3:00 5:00 Adjourn APPENDIX B Vaccine applications at feedgrounds; habitat improvement Scott Smith, Wyoming Game and Fists Public comment
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From page 151... ...
Davis2 Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, IA 70803 and 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843. Introduction: Host Bison - American Buffalo, Bison bison Organism BrucelIa abortus I5!
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From page 152... ...
Tile animals were shipped to and housed at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX throughout the experiment. Vaccine Brucelia abortus Strain RB51 was obtainer!
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From page 153... ...
Weeks post-vaccination Brucella abortus strain recovered Field strain. RB51 13 1 adult male+ none 16 none none *
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From page 154... ...
+++ + +++ ++ 5 +++ + +++ ++ 8 - - / - + ++ 9 + / 11 - - - ++ 1 3 16 +/- - +/- +++ 19 _ + 20 - +/- - +++ 21 - - - +++ 22 - ~ /- - + + + 24 - +1- - ++ 25 - 26 28 29 - + _ +++ 30 _ ++ 31 - - - +/ * culture positive animal (field strain)
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From page 155... ...
Animals will be challenger! in the conjunctival sac with BrucelIa abortus strain 2308 (1x107 colony forming units)
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From page 156... ...
Joe Templeton - Texas A&M University Dr. Fred Enright, Sue Hagius, Joel Walker and William Flahive - Louisiana State University
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From page 157... ...
abortus strain RB51 to mimic oral vaccination of large numbers of animals on the winter feecigrounds. Brucella abortus RB51 is a stable, rough variant of strain 2308 which is rifampin resistant and has been demonstrated to induce protection against virulent brucella challenge in swine, goats, mice, and cattle.
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From page 158... ...
At micigestation all of the elk were challenged conjunctivally with 1 x 107 cfu of virulent B abortus strain 2308.
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From page 159... ...
Alive Table 2. Culture status of elk females and calves following challenge with virulent Brucella abortus.
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From page 160... ...
, ND Governor's Office; Windcave National Park, Ross Rice; ND Elk Breeders Association; North American Elk Breeders Association; ND State Veterinarians, Robert Velure and William Rotenberger; Mitchell Charles; John Murphy; SD State Veterinarian, Dary] Thorpe; SD AVIC, Lynn Tesar; WY Game and Fish (Drs.
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From page 161... ...
partial protection against abortions b. cattle infectec!
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From page 162... ...
bison with S19 -Elk reproduction -females become sexually mature by 2 years of age -males not actively^involved in breeding until 3 years of age -breeding until 3 years of age -breeding season mid-September to micl-October -gestation S.5 to 9 months -calving micl-May to mid-lune Brucellosis in elk -brucellosis in elk causes abortions/premature cleliveries -50-70% of female elk that become infected with B abortus lose their first calf following infection -like cattle, most abortions occur during the last 1/3 of gestation
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From page 163... ...
69% of 35 nonvaccinatec] lost their calves following challenge with virulent B
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From page 164... ...
Cumulative results of hand vaccinated elk challenged 1 to 2 years post vaccination Number from which 2308 Number of animals recovered Vaccinates 24 10 (42%)
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From page 165... ...
of the ballistically injected bison demonstrated seroreactivi~y 12 months post vaccination -2% (14/8373 nonvaccinated contact bison sharing winter pastures with the vaccinates seroconverted -1 vaccinates] cow was chronically infecteci with S-19 and aborted a second fetus 13 months post vaccination These vaccinated adult bison were challenged with 1.0 x 107 cfu of B
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From page 166... ...
aborters infection -an attenuated vaccine strain resulted in prolonged infection, APPENDIX B persistent seroreactivity, abortions, and exposure of contact controls 2. S-19 vaccinated adult bison demonstrated significant resistance to infection ant!
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From page 167... ...
-It will not eliminate the clisease within the herd I will end by quoting Dr. Paul Nicoletti: "The control of brucellosis depends largely on two of the main principles of disease management: prevention of exposure to susceptible animals, and increasing resistance of the population through vaccination.
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From page 168... ...
· Oral vaccination of elk resulted in tissue colonization · Oral vaccination resultecl in an immune response
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From page 169... ...
-biobullet: 1 x 108 (n-16) · 13 controls Elk were bred in fall 1996 · All elk challenged in March 1997 with 1 x 107 cfu BrucelIa abortus strain 2308 intraconjuctivally · Elk observer!
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From page 170... ...
upon selecteci surveillance systems to identity possible infected herds of cattle as part of the national brucellosis eradication program. In beef cattle, this su~eilIance largely relies upon blood samples winch are collected at slaughter.
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From page 171... ...
The surveillance system which is used to detect a problem should also be evidence of the lack of a problem and there is still no evidence that bison of the YNP have been responsible for any transmission of brucellosis to area cattle. There is anecdotal eviclence of transmission from wildlife to cattle in the National Elk Refuge feecling grouncis area to a few hercis.
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From page 172... ...
Clearly, there must be some attitudinal changes or ranchers face possible eventual loss of privileges of using public lands for cattle grazing.
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From page 173... ...
protection.3 This is supported by data from cattle experiments in which vaccinated animals which were seronegative prior to midgestational challenge with a virulent BrucelIa abortus strain were protected against infection and abortion at a time of maximum susceptibility. Additionally, it is customary for animals which abort to have very high titers against brucellosis despite having failed to mount an effective immune response which prevented localization in placental anti fetal tissues.
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From page 174... ...
Research at the National Animal Disease Center has identified a new vaccine for cattle, B abortus strain RB51, that is efficacious in preventing abortion and infection.67 This vaccine does not incluce antibody responses which cause positive responses on brucellosis surveillance tests89 and therefore does not impair the identification of BrucelIa-infected cattle under field conditions.
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From page 175... ...
Data from these studies suggests that strain RB51 localizes in lymphatic tissues and incluces cell-mecliated immune responses. Data from biosafety experiments have indicated that the strain RB51 vaccine is not shed from bison following vaccination.
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From page 176... ...
Serologic responses in diagnostic tests for brucellosis in cattle vaccinated with Brucel/a abortus strain 19 or RB51.
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From page 177... ...
Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, P.O. Box 844, Ames, IA 50010; 2Montana Department of Fish Wildlife and Parks, Research and Technical Services Bureau, Montana State University Campus, Bozeman, MT 59717; 3U.S.
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From page 178... ...
The organism was also isolated from 15 sites cultures! from the term fetus and placenta found near Gardiner.
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From page 179... ...
Discussion: 179 The preliminary results of this study suggest that the supramamma~y, iliac, and retropharyngeal lymph nodes are the most frequent sites of tissue localization of B abortus in female bison from YNP.
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From page 180... ...
, Stackhouse LL, et al.: 1994, Abortion caused by BrucelIa abortus biovar 1 in a free-ranging bison (Bison bison) from Yellowstone National Park.]
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