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6 Land-Use/Land-Cover and Population Dynamics, Nang Rong, Thailand
Pages 121-144

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From page 121...
... The purpose of this chapter is to use our research experience to consider the challenges of the multidisciplinary and integrative approach we have taken. Accordingly, we discuss the history of our projects, the intensive focus on a relatively small geographic area, the development of a prospective multilevel surveybased social data set, the creation of a complementary satellite time series, the choice of villages as the primary link between data sources, and other issues of scale compatibility.
From page 122...
... Our approach is cumulative. One element at a time, we have built a database integrating diverse sources (social surveys, administrative data, map products, remote imagery)
From page 123...
... i''' ~ \,-' Rong ~ ~ .~4 ) CAMBODIA ~ ,~1 .Phnom Penh _^,,f >~ ':''; At, :~ ~ MALAYSIA-\ ~ FIGURE 6-1 Location of Nang Rong study area.
From page 124...
... , acquire and process remote imagery, and integrate social survey and remotely sensed data in analyses of population change and land use/land cover. PROJECT HISTORY In the fall of 1992, we collaborated on our first grant proposal, submitted to
From page 125...
... Alternative measures of family planning accessibility were derived from spatial data using spatial network analysis, and then incorporated into statistical analyses of contraceptive choice that drew on measures based on social survey and administrative data as well (Entwisle et al., 1997a)
From page 126...
... The other goals of the project revolve around use of the satellite time series, combined with data from social surveys, administrative records, and digital maps, to explore dynamic interrelationships among land use, population, and social and economic change. As indicated earlier, these explorations have focused thus far on land use/land cover in the 1970s and early 1980s as an influence on subsequent out-migration of young adults, and on population change between 1984 and 1994 as an influence on land use/land cover in 1994.
From page 127...
... multiphasic theory, which stresses multiple demographic responses to social change (especially the interconnectedness of fertility and migration) ; multilevel approaches to examining social contexts and demographic behavior (Entwisle and Mason, 1985; Bilsborrow et al., 1987; Findley, 1987~; the lifecourse perspective, with its interest in individual role trajectories over time (Clausen, 1972; Elder, 1985, 1991~; and social network theory (e.g., Freeman, 1979)
From page 128...
... Social network analysis can be used to develop a basis for such aggregation. Third, village profile data can be linked with variables derived from remotely sensed data, and statistical analyses can then be undertaken.
From page 129...
... as part of the rapid extensification of agricultural land into formerly forested and upland areas. Consistent with this picture, we found that the availability of forested land in the 1970s was associated with diminished out-migration in the 51 villages where household data were collected.
From page 130...
... As we have stressed, the 1994 surveys were not designed specifically for use with satellite datai (and we would have done some things differently had we had the wisdom of hindsight) , but collectively, and combined with the 1984 and 1988 data collections, the survey data offer excellent opportunities for analysis in conjunction with remotely sensed data.
From page 131...
... The image time series was then classified for land-use/land-cover extraction. An unsupervised classification approach was used to map land use/land cover at multiple dates, with emphasis on 1979 and 1993.
From page 132...
... Additional remotely sensed images can also be added for the time period already covered. Additional data layers can be added as well.
From page 133...
... Linking People and Pixels A challenge in merging social science and remote sensing approaches is identifying congruent units of observation and developing appropriate linkages. Given a largely agricultural study area, we need to consider individuals, households, and villages on the social side; plots and territories on the spatial side; and ways of linking all of these units to each other and to pixels (as captured in the remotely sensed data)
From page 134...
... FIGURE 6-5 Place of residence and land ownership and use in Nang Rong. People T | Household ~ At :~3 Pixel shown as Figure 6-4.
From page 135...
... Since we do not have these spatial coordinates, we link at the village level instead. The population surveys conducted in 1984, 1988, and 1994 at the household and village levels are represented in the GIS as discrete point locations mapped at the village centroid.
From page 136...
... The difficulty here is that the settlement of Nang Rong predates our data. Even at the earliest point in our time series, the land-cover pattern has been influenced by human behavior, and human behavior has been influenced by land-cover patterns.
From page 137...
... Solar radiation affects the soil moisture, temperature regimes, and photosynthetic capacity of the landscape. The potential direct solar insolation at any location will be represented through grid locations throughout the study area, given DEM-derived elevation, slope angle, and slope aspect information.
From page 138...
... The summarizing of satellite data at the village level is subject to difficulties related to the setting of village boundaries, whereas the use of agricultural plots as the unit of measure is subject to the spatial resolution limitations of the satellite systems and the constraints of the population survey that make it difficult to link households to geographic lot locations. The temporal dimension of remotely sensed data is achieved by acquiring images for single time slices that are combined into a time series.
From page 139...
... Other advantages of our research collaboration included team proficiencies in a broad-based set of research methods, as well as an appropriate computer infrastructure to support remote sensing image processing, GIS, spatial analysis, GPS technology, and statistical modeling. The availability of population survey data collected for the study area in 1984, 1988, and 1994 was another essential ingredient of both our start-up efforts in linking spatial and social data and our sustained program of inquiry.
From page 140...
... Remotely sensed data provide a valuable landscape perspective that is substantially enhanced through the availability of corresponding social data. Satellite time series offer the best opportunity for landscape analyses over time and space.
From page 141...
... the effective range of spatial scales within which plant biomass and terrain variables were spatially dependent; (2) optimum spatial scales for representing terrain and plant relationships; and (3)
From page 142...
... Mason 1985 The multilevel effects of socioeconomic development and family planning programs on children ever born. American Journal of Sociology 91:616-649.
From page 143...
... Walsh 1996 Spatial variability of a wetness model to soil parameter estimation approaches. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 21(4)
From page 144...
... McCabe, Jr. 1995 Comparison of single and multiple flow direction algorithms for computing topographic parameters in TOPMODEL.


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