Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (1998) / Chapter Skim
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10 Pantothenic Acid
10 Pantothenic Acid
Pages 357-373
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From page 357... ...
for pantothenic acid is intake adequate to replace urinary excretion. The AI for adults is 5 mg/day.
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From page 358... ...
Intestinal microflora have been observed to synthesize pantothenic acid in mice (Stein and Diamond, 1989) , but the contribution of bacterial synthesis to body pantothenic acid levels or fecal losses in humans has not been quantified.
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From page 359... ...
In a group of healthy adolescents aged 13 to 19 years, pantothenic acid intake Assessed from 4 clays of food intake recorcis) was significantly correlated with the pantothenic acid concentration in urine (r= 0.6)
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In a study of 63 healthy adolescents, whole-blooci concentrations and intake were significantly correlated (r= 0.4) , but there was no correlation between whole-blooci content and urinary excretion of the vitamin (Eissenstat et al., 1986~.
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Although it is theoretically possible that erythrocyte concentrations are a more accurate representation of status than wholeblooci concentrations because of the contribution of serum pantothenic acid to the latter, no clear advantage of using erythrocyte values was evident in this population group. A model was clevelopeci that preclicteci erythrocyte pantothenic acid concentrations from intake and urinary concentrations, but it explained only 30 percent of the variance in erythrocyte concentrations, which may have resulted from errors in the estimation of intake, variability in tissue storage and utilization, and differences among subjects in the amount absorbed.
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From page 362... ...
investigated whether high-close oral contraceptive agents affected pantothenic acid metabolism in 13 women between the ages of 19 and 24 years enrolled in a 12-clay confined study. At the end of the study, blood levels and urinary pantothenic acid excretion were similar in the subjects and controls.
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Urinary excretion was measured while feeding controlled diets. Dietary intake ranged from 2.79 + 0.33 (standard deviation [SD]
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The average pantothenic acid intake was 6.3 + 2.1 (SD) mg/ciay for boys and 4.1 + 1.2 mg/ciay for girls.
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By extrapolating the AI for adolescents from the adult AI for pantothenic acid using the method described in Chapter 2, a value of ~ mg/day is obtained when urinary excretion was converted to ma/ day from mg/g creatinine, which is consistent with the results reviewed above. Pantothenic Acid Al Summary, Ages I 4 to I S Years AI for Boys 14-18 years AI for Girls 14-18 years 5 mg/day of pantothenic acid 5 mg/day of pantothenic acid Adults Ages I 9 through 50 Years Evidence Considered in Setting the Al The usual pantothenic acid intake is 4 to 7 mg/day, as reported for small groups of U.S.
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From page 366... ...
From the regression equation given relating intake to urinary excretion, a pantothenic acid intake of approximately 4 mg/ciay would result in a similar amount of urinary excretion of this vitamin. Because of uncertainties in the accuracy of the published values in foocis used to estimate intakes, small number of subjects stuclieci, and lack of information about the effects of intake on the efficiency of absorption and storage of the vitamin, these results can only be used to support the acloquacy of the AI and not to set an EAR and RDA.
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From page 367... ...
Pantothenic Acid Al Summary, Ages 5 ~ Years and Older AI for Men 51-70 years 5 mg/day of pantothenic acid > 70 years 5 mg/day of pantothenic acid AI for Women 51-70 years 5 mg/day of pantothenic acid > 70 years 5 mg/day of pantothenic acid Pregnancy Evidence Considered in Setting the Al There is little information on pantothenic acid requirements cluring pregnancy. In a longitudinal study of 26 pregnant women cluring their third trimester and at 2 weeks and 3 months postpartum, blood pantothenate concentrations were significantly lower than those of 17 nonpregnant control women, but there was no clifference in ciailv urinary excretion cluring late pregnancy compared with control subjects (Song et al., 1985~.
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From page 368... ...
than for control women who had not been pregnant. Although there is no evidence that pantothenic acid intakes are inadequate to support function during lactation, on the basis of the additional secretion of the vitamin in human milk (1.7 mg/day)
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Dietary Intake The major surveys of nutrient intake used in this report (the U.S. Department of Agriculture Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Inclivicluals, the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and the Boston Nutritional Status Survey)
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Special Considerations A review of the literature failed to identify special subgroups that are distinctly susceptible to adverse effects of excess pantothenic acid intake. Intake Assessment Because national surveys do not provide ciata on the intake of pantothenic acid, a reasonable intake assessment of the 90th and 95th percentiles from U.S.
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From page 371... ...
· Use of newer methods, such as high-pressure liquid chromatography, to analyze pantothenic acid in foocis. At present, pantothenic acid intakes are not calculated in national surveys such as the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey because of a lack of information on the pantothenic acid content of foocis.
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From page 372... ...
1946. Thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid and ascorbic acid content of restaurant foods.
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From page 373... ...
1981. Pantothenic acid content of 75 processed and cooked foods.
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