Biographical Memoirs Volume 60 (1991) / Chapter Skim
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14. Kenneth Bryan Raper
14. Kenneth Bryan Raper
Pages 250-271
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From page 251... ...
BURRIS AND ELDON H NEWCOMB SOME ASSOCIATE Kenneth Raper with the penicillia and penicillin, others with the aspergilli; developmental biologists may remember him most for having introclucecl Dictyostelium discoideum as a superb subject for study.
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the Ph.D.—Arthur in sociology, Ken and John in biology. Ken enjoyed school, did well, and was moved from the sixth to the eighth gracle based on a county-wicle entrance examination.
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no offers since," he wrote late in life, "that pleased me more." The assistantship allowed him to spend more time in the Botany Department, and Professor Couch gave him space to help in a study of the symbiotic relationship between scale insects ant! fungi of the genus Septobasidium.
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From page 254... ...
When Charles Thom, a mycologist with USDA, visited Chapel Hill, he sent word ahead to Couch and Coker that he wanted to meet this Kenneth Raper. Thom was starting a federal Division of Soil Microbiology, and he signed Raper up to come to Washington immediately after graduation.
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From litter collectec! at a site in western North Carolina's Craggy Mountains, he isolated a remarkable new species of cellular slime mold belonging to the genus Dictyostelium.
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Seeking ways to use these surpluses, Congress authorized the construction of four regional USDA research laboratories. The Northern Regional Research Laboratory (NRRL)
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In the summer of 1941 the two British researchers came to the United States to enlist aid in improving yields of penicillin, which from surface cultures at that time were about two Oxford units per mI. Not receiving an enthusiastic welcome from the pharmaceutical firms, they turned to the National Academy of Sciences, which sent them to Dr.
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At Peoria ant! across the country the search was on for ways to improve the medium for penicillin production, to produce penicillin in submerged cultures, and to develop more productive strains of the moIcI.
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In 1946 Ken Raper welcomed an invitation to teach a course in industrial microbiology as a visiting professor in the botany department of the University of Illinois. Though it involved driving to Urbana on Saturday mornings, the students were mostly veterans who worked hard, and Ken enjoyed teaching them.
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From page 260... ...
lyophilization to preserve spores of the slime molds for later examination. In 1952 Kenneth Raper accepted a joint appointment in bacteriology and botany at the University of Wisconsin ant!
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Raper and his colleagues sought to isolate slime molds related as closely as possible to the original strains described in the literature. They placed special emphasis on isolating organisms from soil, the source of many of the species originally described.
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He served on a committee to strengthen the American Type Culture Collection, an assignment that required substantial effort since the ATCC, barely surviving, was housed in different institutions. In 1950 Ken signet!
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the discovery of Dictyostelium d~scoideum, a unique cellular slime mold, followed by pioneering investigations on the growth, morphogenesis, and cellular differentiation of this microorganism, which seemingly bridges the gap between the plant and animal kingdoms; (6) sustained investigations of the cellular slime molds, culminating in publication of The Dictyostelids summarizing what is known of the natural history and systematics of the class Acrasiomycetes; and (7)
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THE INFORMATION in this sketch was taken almost entirely from an unpublished autobiography written by Kenneth Raper and submitted to the Academy in July 1986. It is available upon request in the Academy archives.
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1936 -1940 Assistant mycologist, Bureau of Plant Industry, USDA, Washington, D.C. 1940-1953 Microbiologist, senior microbiologist, and principal microbiologist, Northern Regional Research Lab oratory, USDA, Peoria, Illinois 1946-1953 Visiting professor of botany, University of Illinois, Urbana 1953-1966 Professor of bacteriology and botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison 1966-1979 William Trelease Professor of Bacteriology and Bot any, University of Wisconsin, Madison 1979-1987 Professor emeritus, University of Wisconsin, Madi son ACADEMIES AND LEARNED SOCIETIES 1949 National Academy of Sciences; Council, 1961-1964; Committee on Science and Public Policy, 1962-1966 1949 American Academy of Arts and Sciences 1958 American Philosophical Society 1954 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters
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1965 U.S. National Committee 1966 -1969 Chairman, Executive Committee INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (IUBS)
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1957 George Ives Haight Traveling Fellowship for travel in France, Holland, and the United Kingdom 1960 Certificate of Merit, Botanical Society of America 1967 Charles Thom Award, Society for Industrial Microbiology 1981 Distinguished Mycologist Award, Mycological Society of America 1983 Honorary member, American Society for Microbiology 1984 Honorary member, British Mycological Society UNIVERSITY COMMITTEES AND POSTS, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN 1959-1960 Cancer Research Committee 1959-1960 Plant Science Colloquium 1960-1962 Secretary, Executive Committee, Faculty Biological Division 1970-1974 Executive Committee, Faculty Biological Division 1959-1965 Research Committee, Graduate School 1970-1971 President, Wisconsin Chapter of Sigma Xi 1971-1975 University Senate 1974-1975 President, Wisconsin Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa 1974-1977 Press Committee 1976-1979 Faculty Rights and Responsibilities Committee
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From page 268... ...
28:69-78. 1943 The culture collection of the Northern Regional Research Laboratory.
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From page 269... ...
Hohl. Nutrition of cellular slime molds.
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From page 270... ...
Hohl. Fonticula alba: a new cellular slime mold (Acrasiomycetes)
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