Biomedical Models and Resources Current Needs and Future Opportunities (1998) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
3. Essential and Emerging Research Fields and Technologies
3. Essential and Emerging Research Fields and Technologies
Pages 12-18
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From page 12... ...
Understanding gene interaction and how genes function within whole organisms will provide the basis for translating basic research into clinical therapy and disease prevention and will benefit human health on a broader scale than ever possible before. Although progress in developing therapy for and prevention of some specific human diseases has taken place coincidentally with the genome projects, the completion of gene identification will open the way for a redirection of major efforts in gene-function studies.
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From page 13... ...
We heard from the survey and the workshop participants that some individual investigators are unable to purchase these animals through standard grant mechanisms. Standard grant mechanisms also do not allow studies of sufficient length for proper investigation of disease in aged models, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis in nonhuman primates.
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From page 14... ...
For example, zebrafish are a burgeoning developmental model, in particular for their expected role in molecular genetics and will probably provide advances in embryology, neurobiology, and other fields. With sophisticated new microscopes such as two-photon detectors, the use of resonant fluorescence probes, any cellular component can be followed in transparent zebrafish embryos from inception throughout the acquisition of normal adult behaviors.
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From page 15... ...
the categorical institutes have program announcements for genetic research. The goal is to develop animal models that will be useful for localizing and characterizing genes that affect complex diseases or disease risk traits.
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From page 16... ...
has been developed in the tiny Hawaiian sepioid squid Euprymna scolopes, which harbors the bacterium Vibrio f scheri in its light organ in a symbiosis that provides bioluminescence (McFallNgai and Ruby 1991~; this bacterial genus contains notorious pathogens, the most notable of which is ~ cholerae. Understanding of these mechanisms- based on the use of models discovered in unorthodox ways will lead biomedical researchers to begin to understand and interrupt the spread of disease.
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From page 17... ...
. Investigation of host-agent symbiosis and mechanisms of pathogen persistence in immunologically responsive and nonresponsive hosts requires the full range of accessibility to animal models, including the study of invertebrate biology, to support understanding of the agent-vector-host interface.
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From page 18... ...
There is an urgent need to investigate infectious diseases of laboratory animals, because infectious diseases pose problems in the effective use of these animals as models. Infectious diseases, including clinically silent infections also affect the research usefulness of infected animals: Infectious diseases modify immune responses, physiology, and behavior and have been misinterpreted as phenotypic expressions of gene alterations.
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