Pesticide Resistance Strategies and Tactics for Management (1986) / Chapter Skim
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The Role of Cooperative Extension and Agricultural Consultants in Pesticide Resistance Management
The Role of Cooperative Extension and Agricultural Consultants in Pesticide Resistance Management
Pages 410-421
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From page 410... ...
Training programs that include a background of pesticide resistance, identifying pests with a high resistance risk, recommending tactics that are compatible with integrated pest management (IPM', and demonstrating techniques for measuring resistance frequency should be initiated by cooperative extension. Both cooperative extension and private consultants have a role to play in monitoring pest susceptibility to pesticides and establishing pesticide resistance management programs.
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From page 411... ...
This framework emphasizes the importance of cooperative extension and agricultural consultants working with farmer organizations, the chemical industry, federal and state research agencies, and state departments of agriculture to implement a reasonable and ongoing policy of pesticide resistance management. One has only to review the many reported cases of pesticide resistance to identify the large scope of the problem, as well as salient trends regarding the circumstances that have resulted in severe resistance problems.
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From page 412... ...
Private consultants should learn about and practice pesticide resistance management and share this information with their clientele and other agricultural consultants. Chemical producers should promote product stewardship by interfacing with research and extension and augmenting and supporting resistance management.
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From page 413... ...
The development of a pesticide resistance management training program, as well as the overall implementation of the program, should include experienced representatives from at least state research and extension, state regulatory agencies, private consultants, and the agricultural chemical industry. Pesticide resistance management training sessions or workshops could be the initial binding force to bring these groups together to discuss problems and learn from them in open forums.
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From page 414... ...
Precise timing of insecticide applications, based on field scouting data and economic thresholds, has had a major impact in certain IPM programs by reducing the frequency and extent of treatments (Lacewell and Taylor, 1980; Frisbie and Adkisson, 19851. The intent of most sound IPM programs is to stress nonpesticide control measures.
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From page 415... ...
In many cases action thresholds will need to be based on field experience, since research data in this area is often lacking. IMPLEMENTATION Of the pesticide resistance management programs that have been developed in the United States and around the world, extension and private consultants have been involved in one way or another, working with university and federal research or industry.
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From page 416... ...
Sample collections should complement existing monitoring programs and may be obtained in the course of existing field monitoring. Cooperative extension personnel and private consultants can provide biological samples from a wide geographical and ecological range.
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From page 417... ...
established an action threshold for dicofol-resistant spider mites in cotton; when the frequency of resistant spider mites at any location was greater than or equal to 10 percent of the population, the use of alternative miticides was recommended. Geographic Extent Once a routine susceptibility screening program discovers and validates the presence of a resistance problem, the geographic extent of resistant populations should be determined as quickly as possible using the extension IPM program network and supported, when available, by information from private consultants.
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From page 418... ...
Cooperative extension and private consultants must work closely with research laboratories and chemical producers to develop this information. Bioassay Techniques Rapid, practitioner-assessable bioassay techniques should be developed and distributed, and cooperative extension IPM specialists and agricultural consultants should be educated in their use.
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From page 419... ...
Cooperative extension should serve as the coordinating body to seek the appropriate form and function of pesticide resistance management training activities from private consultants, research and regulatory agencies, chemical industry, and IPM farmer organizations. Three specific recommendations follow: 1.
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From page 420... ...
This area must be strengthened and expanded into pesticide resistance management. The designated NAPIAP state specialist could work closely with state agricultural experiment station scientists and Cooperative Extension Service specialists, along with the state department of agriculture, consultants, and grower groups to organize a statebased pesticide resistance management program.
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From page 421... ...
1978. Failure of combinations of benomyl with reduced rates of non-benzimidazole fungicides to control Venturia inaequalis resistant to benomyl and the spread of resistant strains in North Carolina.
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