A Strategy for Research in Space Biology and Medicine in the New Century (1998) / Chapter Skim
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13 Setting Priorities in Research
13 Setting Priorities in Research
Pages 231-236
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From page 231... ...
In the near term, until the research facilities of the International Space Station come online or an additional Spacelab mission is provided, NASA-supported research will necessarily be largely directed toward ground-based investigations designed to answer fundamental questions and frame critical hypotheses that can later be tested in space. Indeed, as the preceding chapters have emphasized, understanding the basic mechanisms underlying biological and behavioral responses to spaceflight is essen 231
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From page 232... ...
· The relationship between exercise activity levels and protein energy balance in flight should be Vestibular Function, the Vestibular Ocular Reflex, and Sensorimotor Integration ~7 Over the past 10 years, extensive experimental research has been conducted on humans to better understand how the space environment affects the control of posture and movement in astronauts. Because of this, considerable information is now available regarding spatial orientation, postural control, the vestibular ocular reflex (VOR)
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From page 233... ...
· Appropriate methods for referencing intrathoracic vascular pressures to systemic pressures in microgravity should be identified and validated, given the observed changes in cardiac and pulmonary volume and compliance. Radiation Hazards The biological effects of exposure to radiation in space pose potentially serious health effects for crew members that must be controlled or mitigated before initiation of long-term missions beyond low Earth orbit.
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From page 234... ...
Psychological and Social Issues Aspects of living and working in space that have been well-tolerated by astronauts during shortduration missions are likely to have significant impacts on health, well-being, and performance during long-duration missions. Mechanisms of response to physiological and psychosocial stressors encountered in spaceflight must be better understood in order to ensure crew safety, health, and productivity during prolonged residence in space.
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From page 235... ...
This includes the other sensory systems that interact directly with the vestibular system, the multiple brain regions containing neural space maps, and finally those areas in the brain capable of responding to alterations in their activity by neuroplastic changes. Recommendations · Space-based experiments are needed to test the role of gravity on the embryonic development and maintenance of the vertebrate vestibular system.
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From page 236... ...
to determine whether gravity or some other element of the space environment induces these developmental abnormalities. · An analogous experiment should be carried out with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to confirm results obtained on Mir with a preliminary experiment using Brassica rape.
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