Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

Executive Summary
Pages 1-9

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 1...
... This report presents the conclusions of two committees appointed by the IOM and NRC, which are referred to here collectively as the committee. In developing these conclusions, the committee · Assessed the soundness of the NCI analyses, which were presented in October 1997 in the two-volume report Estimated Exposures and Thyroid Doses Received by the American People from Iodine-131 in Fallout Following Nevada Atmospheric Nuclear Bomb Tests.
From page 2...
... Exposure to I-13 1 as a by-product of nuclear reactions can cause thyroid cancer as shown conclusively by the 1986 nuclear accident in Chernobyl, which resulted in high level exposure for many people. The NCI dose reconstruction model indicates that the level of exposure to I-131 was sufficient to cause and continue to cause excess cases of thyroid cancer.
From page 3...
... 6. Epidemiological analyses of past thyroid cancer incidence and mortality rates provide little evidence of widespread increases in thyroid cancer risk related to the pattern of exposure to I-131 described in the NCI report (Chapter 3 on Epidemiologic Analyses Using Cancer Registries)
From page 4...
... The NCI report, Estimated Exposures and Thyroid Doses Received by the American People from Iodine-131 in Fallout Following Nevada Atmospheric Nuclear
From page 5...
... In particular, even with sophisticated methods for geographic extrapolation beyond specific measurement sites, the direct measurements of fallout are far too sparse to provide precise dose estimates at the county or state level for the entire continental United States. Although the committee understood the motivations and initial analytic thinking that led the NCI to calculate and to present county level estimates of exposure for every test, it concluded that the level of dosimetry detail provided for individual counties is inap
From page 6...
... ASSESSMENT OF THE NCI ESTIMATES OF CANCER RISK The NCI's two-volume dose reconstruction report did not include estimates of thyroid cancer risk related to its estimates of iodine-131 exposure from the Nevada weapons tests. Instead, a separate, later memorandum provided estimates of lifetime thyroid cancer risk and excess cancer cases associated with that exposure.
From page 7...
... improves health outcomes. The committee noted that papillary thyroid cancer, the most common form of naturally occurring thyroid cancer and the form linked to radiation exposures, has a high survival rate, regardless of cause, when detected in routine clinical practice without screening.
From page 8...
... The potential audiences for a DHHS communication and information effort will include individuals and groups who have, over the course of decades, developed strong beliefs about the risk and about the trustworthiness of their government, people with little past interest or concern who will want more information when they learn of the exposure issue from news media or other sources; elected officials with varying degrees of concern about the issue; and clinicians and public health officials with varying levels of knowledge about thyroid conditions and screening options. It will be important for DHHS to (1)
From page 9...
... the effectiveness of existing programs to communicate radiation risks. The committee considered public comments calling for further research on the total radiation exposure resulting from all radionuclides deposited in radioactive fallout from nuclear tests in both the United States and other countries.


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.