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7 State and Community Response
Pages 178-203

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From page 178...
... , it is at the state and community levels that most prevention programs are implemented. As problems and needs are identified, public support is garnered at the local level, and a number of organizations (including hospitals, schools, civic groups, athletic leagues, businesses, and fire and police departments)
From page 179...
... in national campaigns such as SAFE KIDS; · provision of technical assistance, seed funds, and mini grants to local agencies by state governor highway safety offices and state health departments; and · policy statements on the use of child occupant restraints by professional organizations such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Public Health Association, and the American School Health Association. Given the success of this intervention, there are still problems in implementation.
From page 180...
... Private-sector organizations, ranging from corporations to foundations and other nonprofit organizations, provide substantive support for injury prevention through injury-related advocacy, sponsorship of research, and implementation of prevention programs. A number of individuals and groups have started grassroots organizations on injury prevention, often turning personal tragedies into dedicated injury prevention efforts.
From page 181...
... . The California Wellness Foundation: Targeting youth violence prevention as one of its five key strategic initiatives, the foundation funds grants on policy change, funds research grants, encourages grassroots leadership through community leadership awards, strengthens postgraduate programs through academic fellowship grants, and supports community action by providing resources and technical assistance for pilot pro grams.
From page 182...
... Founded in 1987, SAFE KIDS promotes Childhood safety through the implementation of community-based strafegies and is an example of a nationwide collaborative effort between the private and public se:tors.i SAFE KIDS is sponsored by the Children s Gnaw ;tional Medical Center, Johnson & Johnson, General Motors Corporation Bell, First Alert, Toy Manufacturers of America, Gas Appliance Manufacturers~Association, National Fire Protection Association the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA3, the National Highway Traffic Safely Administration (NHTSA) , the Matema I and Child Health Bureau (MCHB)
From page 183...
... building and encouraging collaboration and coalitions of state and local safety agencies and organizations; (3) improving training and technical assistance; (4)
From page 184...
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From page 185...
... 185 be ~ ~Ce _ ~° ' ~ Is ° ° e=~O lo,= en .
From page 186...
... Injury prevention programs are administratively placed in a variety of different divisions of the state health department (e.g., epidemiology, health promotion, maternal and child health, chronic disease prevention, EMS, environmental health)
From page 187...
... For example, the State of Utah Annual Plan for Maternal and Child Health devotes sections to injury control and youth suicide prevention (Utah Department of Health, 1997~; New York's Highway Safety Strategic Plan contains a section on injury (Klein et al., 1997~; and the Emergency Preparedness and Injury Control Program of the California Department of Health Services has produced a five-year strategic plan dedicated to injury prevention. The California Department of Health Services' strategic plan for 1993-1997 contains specific objectives for reducing injury morbidity and mortality and suggests mechanisms for incorporating injury pre
From page 188...
... Such a team could conduct site visits and assist state health injury prevention staff in developing specific action plans, identifying means to overcome state and local barriers, and providing follow-up technical assistance at regularly scheduled intervals. A potential resource for assembling such teams is STIPDA, which through its membership from every state can access the needed expertise of personnel who have developed similar injury prevention programs in other states and localities.
From page 189...
... Available funding for state and local public health departments has frequently been too restrictive, has placed an emphasis on the development of separate and categorical programs, and generally has received limited state appropriations. A federal commitment is needed to provide the funding to sustain state injury prevention programs, similar to the Section 402 formula grant funding from NHTSA that is used to support state highway safety offices and the Governors' Highway Safety Program.
From page 190...
... Thus, it is crucial that state-level injury prevention programs be able to supply the financial and technical assistance needed at the local level to conduct core elements of injury programs: needs assessment, program evaluations, staff training, local data surveillance, and other technical assistance. The committee supports the development of a core injury program in each state's department of health.
From page 191...
... Thus, injury prevention should be integrated into the clinical care and prevention programs of managed care organizations. Opportunities include collecting and analyzing their own data on injuries using E-codes; using hospital community benefits programs (mandated in 12 states)
From page 192...
... Several states have injury prevention task forces or interagency coalitions; for example, the Illinois Injury Control Work Group brings together more than 40 members representing every office in the state health agency, as well as other state agencies and nonprofit organizations; Vermont has a multidisciplinary team working on unintentional injury and occupational health as part of its Healthy Vermonters 2000 program; and Virginia has a statewide coalition on children's safety. To foster multidisciplinary collaboration between state highway safety and public health professionals around traffic safety issues, NHTSA funded an assessment of the traffic safety activities of state highway safety offices and public health departments and of their perceptions of one another's activities (EDC, 1994~.
From page 193...
... Yet, it has been estimated that poison control centers prevent an estimated 50,000 hospitalizations and 400,000 doctors' visits annually (Poison Control Center Advisory Work Group, 1996~. The committee urges federal leadership in supporting and sustaining poison control centers in the United States.
From page 194...
... Training Injury Prevention Practitioners The need to train practitioners is confirmed by surveys of the staffs of state health departments, traffic safety agencies, and schools of public health (Harrington et al., 1988; Dana et al., 1990; Miara et al., 1990~. A 1990 survey found that only 25 percent of health department personnel and 20 percent of traffic safety professionals had graduate-level coursework in injury epidemiology or prevention.
From page 195...
... to incorporate an injury prevention component; · funding for Injury Control Research Centers (ICRCs) to enable them to provide training to state and local safety professionals, as well as to faculties of health professional schools; · designation and funding of a resource center to collect and disseminate curricula and learning materials; and schools.
From page 196...
... Consideration should be given by multiple federal agencies to the expansion of training opportunities for state and local injury prevention professionals. The committee recommends the expansion of training opportunities for injury prevention practitioners by the relevant state and federal agencies (e.g., NCIPC, NHTSA, MCHB, and NIOSH)
From page 197...
... Technical assistance must be conducted by experienced professionals who know how to overcome state and local barriers to program implementation and are knowledgeable about conducting evaluation studies. For example, the CSN's National Injury and Violence Prevention Resource Center provides technical assistance by developing publications and resources that synthesize best practice from different disciplines; conduct needs assessments and site visits; assisting states in overcoming institutional barriers in implementing prevention programs; developing or facilitating the development of continuing education programs for state and local practitioners; operating a national resource library and website; and representing the interests of practitioners in national forums and committees.
From page 198...
... The 1989 report Injury Prevention: Meeting the Challenge provided information on then-current prevention interventions from a multidisciplinary perspective (National Committee, 1989~. The report was designed to serve as a tool to adapt and combine research findings in light of local data and available resources.
From page 199...
... This perception often precludes policy makers from identifying injury prevention as a discrete public health issue and limits the earmarking of federal and state dollars for injury research and for the development of prevention programs. Raising Public Awareness The breadth of the injury field has resulted in a number of advocacy and nonprofit organizations that generally focus on one type or cause of injury (e.g., BIA, MADD)
From page 200...
... It is well understood that nonprofit organizations interested in public health issues devote substantial resources to public education and issue advocacy, even though their lobbying for a specific piece of legislation is restricted. Thus, advocacy for national public health objectives by federal grantees and nonprofit organizations is often encouraged by federal policy.
From page 201...
... State injury prevention programs require a sustained federal commitment to funding and to providing technical assistance to the states. Further, training opportunities for state and local injury prevention practitioners should be expanded.
From page 202...
... 1988. Injury Prevention Programs in State Health Departments: A National Survey.
From page 203...
... Washington, DC: National SAFE KIDS Campaign. STIPDA (State and Territorial Injury Prevention Directors' Association)


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