Defense Manufacturing in 2010 and Beyond Meeting the Changing Needs of National Defense (1999) / Chapter Skim
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1 New Context for Defense Manufacturing
1 New Context for Defense Manufacturing
Pages 7-18
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From page 7... ...
Changing threats to national security, declining defense budgets, the consolidation of the defense industry, the globalization of industry, the increasing rate of change of technology, and requirements for environmentally compatible manufacturing are all contributing to new challenges being faced by defense manufacturing. Superior combat capability is achieved in part by the use of cutting-edge technologies in weapons systems.
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From page 8... ...
For example, during the Cold War, defense policy focused on global conflict, and the engagement scenarios considered most likely involved nuclear weapons. Current defense policy is focused on regional conflicts with engagement scenarios involving conventional weapons.
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From page 9... ...
Globalization of Industry Manufacturing is becoming an increasingly integrated global system as a result of several factors, including: the growth of emerging economies, the formation of companies of indistinct nationality, the dispersal of design and production capacity, and the outsourcing of design and production. The global economy is becoming highly integrated with information, funds, materials, components, final products, and workers crossing national and regional boundaries daily.
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From page 10... ...
Source: Dowdy, 1997. thinking of the global marketplace as a significant source of consumer demand, as well as an attractive source of supplies, including foreign technology, intellectual capacity, manufacturing capacity, and investment capital, as well as traditional imports, such as natural resources and hard goods.
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From page 11... ...
In 1950, the defense industrial base was formally defined by the Defense Production Act, which also established a priority system for obtaining military hardware and software during emergencies and provided seed money for improving manufacturing facilities and processes. The defense industrial base remained clearly defined throughout most of the Cold War and the conflict in Southeast Asia (see Appendix A for more details)
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From page 12... ...
NEW CHALLENGES FOR DEFENSE MANUFACTURING The major forces for change impacting defense manufacturing interact with each other and with the defense and manufacturing sectors to create both new pressures and new opportunities. Meeting the new threats to national security will require reconfigurable weapons systems, production surge capacity, and access to production sources.
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From page 13... ...
forces are produced and supported by foreign industrial organizations or governments, then DOD will have to determine which products and processes must be protected and develop either alternative sources for critical foreign suppliers and/or rapid reverse engineering and remanufacture capabilities. DOD and its prime contractors will have to monitor the actual sources used by suppliers, either through guidelines to prime contractors that dictate where critical defense parts can be manufactured or through requirements that prime manufacturers be responsible for the life-cycle support of their products.
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From page 14... ...
14 DEFENSE MANUFACTURING IN 2010 AND BEYOND Table 1-1 Pressures and Opportunities for Defense Manufacturing Force for Change Effect on Defense Resulting Pressures and Opportunities Changing nature of Increased variety of military Capability for customizing weapons threats to national missions systems security Increased unpredictability of Manufacturing surge capacity military missions Design and manufacture for Increased emphasis on multiservice use conventional rather than Design for reconfigurability nuclear weapons Rapid product realization Declining defense Demand for affordable Reduction in development cycle times budgets weapons systems end costs Fewer new weapons systems Application of cost-as-an procured and produced in independent-variable accounting lower volumes Design and manufacture for Extension of weapons systems multiservice use life Use of commercial-off-the-shelf products Design for low life-cycle costs Low-cost processes for low-volume production Low nonrecurring costs in product realization Reduction in cycle times Extended life in new systems Design for maintainability Design for technology insertion Efficient maintenance and depot operations Remanufacturing processes Improved diagnostics Product and process databases Consolidation of the Potential for reduced capacity, Processes and systems for surge defense industry competition, andinnovation production Potential for lower priority Strategies for maintaining innovation given to defense production and competition Production of defense systems on commercial production lines
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From page 15... ...
NEW CONTEXT FOR DEFENSE MANUFACTURING Table 1-1 continued 15 Force for Change Effect on Defense Resulting Pressures and Opportunities Globalization of Location of component and Guidelines on critical components and industry subsystem development, subsystems design, and production Identification of suppliers determined by industry Development of security systems for Greater reliance on foreign product and process data suppliers Remanufacturing capability for Security threat for product components and subsystems information Alternate sourcing strategies Potential loss of production Adapt commercial "best practices" sources in time of conflict Increased access to new product and process technology Increasing rate of Opportunity for more frequent Open-architecture systems to enable change of technology improvement of existing technology insertion weapons systems Reduced product realization time Opportunities for introduction Use of industry road maps in product of new weapons capabilities development and design and new weapons systems Adaptation of technologies to defense Potential for improved product specific applications databases, program Development of product and process management, and retention of databases production know-how Requirements for Stringent environmental Life-cycle design environmentally regulations for manufacturing Environmentally compatible compatible and maintenance and depot production processes manufacturing operations Reduced pollution in depot and maintenance operations manufacturing and the resulting pressures and opportunities. These pressures and opportunities can be grouped into the following categories: low-cost rapid product realization expanded design capabilities environmentally compatible manufacturing adaptation of information technology security of product and process data access to production sources use of commercial manufacturing capacity sustainment of weapons systems
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From page 16... ...
review major trends that are changing the context of defense manufacturing and identify challenges to be met; (2) review existing defense planning documents to identify defense-critical and defense-unique manufacturing capabilities; (3)
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From page 17... ...
defense industrial base by encouraging the development and use of innovative manufacturing methods and processes. The program was based on the premise that in manufacturing technology areas where the cost to develop and implement an innovative production methodology would not be a prudent business risk, DOD should invest in bringing these ideas to fruition.
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From page 18... ...
Funding for the ManTech program originally came from the budget for RDT&E, although many people in DOD and Congress believed that it should be funded by procurement dollars. In spite of varying levels of consolidation and support, the ManTech program has been responsible for a number of successes, including the following: · the development of the first numerically controlled machine tool · the establishment of automatically-programmed tools as an industry-wide standard language · the establishment of processes and tools that have accelerated the development of the microelectronics industry · the development of isothermal forging for net-shape manufacturing of titanium and superalloy parts · the development of the first three-dimensional nondestructive inspection system for rocket motors and other critical parts the development of process modeling methods, such as integrated definition support for accelerating the development of computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, and computer-integrated manufacturing · significant improvements in night vision systems and capabilities Although the F-16 technology modernization program was not part of the ManTech program and did not have the ManTech objective of improving manufacturing equipment and processes across industry, this program represents another notable success for ManTech.
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