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Dietary Reference Intakes A Risk Assessment Model for Establishing Upper Intake Levels for Nutrients (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Application of the Risk Assessment Model to Nutrients
Pages 10-13

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From page 10...
... These factors are applied consistently when data of specific types and quality are available. They are typically used to derive acceptable daily intakes for food additives and other substances for which data on adverse effects are considered sufficient to meet minimum standards of quality and completeness (FAD/WHO, 1982~.
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From page 11...
... Nonetheless, they may share with other chemicals the production of adverse effects at excessive exposures. Because the consumption of balanced diets is consistent with the development and survival of humankind over many millennia, there is less need for the large uncertainty factors that have been used in the typical risk assessment of nonessential chemicals.
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From page 12...
... Consideration of Variability in Sensitivity The risk assessment model outlined in this paper is consistent with classical risk assessment approaches in that it must consider variability in the sensitivity of individuals to adverse effects of nutrients. A discussion of how variability is dealt with in the context of nutritional risk assessment follows.
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From page 13...
... Some nutrients, for example, folate, may be less readily absorbed when they are part of a meal than when taken separately. Supplemental forms of some nutrients, such as some of the B vitamins, phosphorus, or magnesium, may require special consideration if they have higher bioavailability and therefore may present a higher risk of producing adverse effects than equivalent amounts from the natural form found in food.
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Key Terms

  • total intake
  • uncertainty factors
  • human population
  • hazard identification
  • nonessential chemicals

  • model outlined
  • expected variability
  • sensitivity increases
  • specific foods
  • newborn infant

  • significantly elevate
  • intake increases
  • special consideration
  • specific circumstance
  • evaluation steps

  • lower blood
  • body mass
  • highly eccentric
  • inference uncertainties
  • producing adverse

  • daily intakes
  • effects increases
  • nutritional risk
  • include knowledge
  • medical supervision

  • limited ability
  • assessment framework
  • assessment steps
  • knowledge regarding
  • excessive exposures


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