Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field (1999) / Chapter Skim
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3 Committee Conclusions and Recommendations
3 Committee Conclusions and Recommendations
Pages 125-135
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From page 125... ...
National Academy Press Committee Conclusions anct Recommendations As stated in Chapter 1, the Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR) was asked to respond to five specific questions dealing with the impact of nutritional status on immune function as it pertains to soldiers deployed for military operations and Special Forces troops.
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From page 126... ...
As a result, studies of immune function in field situations contain many uncontrollable variables, and it is often difficult to attribute observed effects to one variable such as nutritional status. The military's use of prophylactic immunization provides sufficient benefit beyond risk to warrant continued development.
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From page 127... ...
Glutamine has demonstrated potential for improving immune function in critical illness, and parenteral and enteral administration of glutamine has been observed to improve recovery following gastrointestinal surgery, but its usefulness in healthy populations must yet has not been determined. Studies to evaluate the effects of supplemental glutamine on the immune function of soldiers have shown no demonstrable effects.
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From page 128... ...
It is important to maintain adequate iron status in female soldiers and to do so without causing excess iron intake by males. Glutamine has demonstrated potential for improving immune function in critical illness, but its usefulness in healthy populations is unknown.
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From page 129... ...
· In light of the importance of military immunization programs for achieving and maintaining immune status at optimal levels, the CMNR reiterates its previous recommendations (IOM, 1997) that vigorous research efforts be undertaken to create and evaluate militarily relevant oral vaccines.
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From page 130... ...
The energy intakes required to maintain body weight will vary with the intensity and duration of physical activity; therefore, the best field guide for individual soldiers and commanders is to monitor body weight changes and to emphasize, through a "field-feeding doctrine," the importance of ration intake as the fuel for the soldier to maintain health and performance. · The CMNR recommends that nutritional anemia be treated prior to deployment and that individuals classified as anemic and requiring iron supplements not be deployed.
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From page 131... ...
Soldiers should be cautioned regarding the indiscriminate use of individual supplements and the potential effects of inadequate nutrient intake, as well as the use of single or combined supplements, since their effects on immune status are not known. · The CMNR recommends that, when needed, the preferred method of providing supplemental nutrients is through a ration component.
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From page 132... ...
Research Methodology The CMNR strongly encourages the military to keep apprised of relevant civilian research and consider the application of selected findings and protocols to the military situation. · The C1\4NR recommends that research be conducted to determine the appropriate field measures for monitoring nutritionally induced immune responses, particularly for determining the presence of acute-phase reactions and changes in immune function of the type and degree that are likely to occur as a result of the nutritional insults suffered by soldiers in typical deployment situations.
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From page 133... ...
· The CMNR strongly encourages the military to increase its awareness of and consider the military applications of the findings within the civilian research community regarding nutrition and immune function. The advice of civilian and military immunologists should be sought to identify the testing methods that have proven to be most useful and field applicable for monitoring immune status and function.
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From page 134... ...
· The CMNR recommends that if research is conducted on the ability of nutrients to influence immune status, priority at this time should be placed on the antioxidants p-carotene and vitamins C and E The committee acknowledges that insufficient data are available to identify any specific nutrient or combination of nutrients as having adequately demonstrated the ability to enhance immune Unction under the military operational conditions investigated.
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From page 135... ...
Marriott, ed. A report of the Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
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