Applying Advanced Information Systems to Ports and Waterways Management (1999) / Chapter Skim
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1 Need for Improved Navigation Information Systems
1 Need for Improved Navigation Information Systems
Pages 4-12
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From page 4... ...
waters consists of foreign-flag ships.3 The United States exercises control over equipment and standards ~ The ISM Code lays the foundation for a new operational and cultural framework for ship management, requiring that policies and actions be consistent within an organization and focusing attention on human factors. 2 A specialized agency of the United Nations, the IMO is the leading international forum for cooperation on issues affecting maritime safety.
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From page 5... ...
Advanced maritime information systems, used singly or in combination, could ameliorate many of the problems faced by mariners. Available systems include radio navigation aids that permit individual vessels to determine their positions with a high degree of accuracy, VTS systems that monitor shipping in specific waterways, and automated cargo-tracking systems that serve individual terminals.
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From page 6... ...
Certain segments of waterborne trade, such as the containerized cargo trade, are also substantially concentrated. In 1997,25 ports handled 98 percent of the foreign container cargo, and the leading 10 ports accounted for 80 percent, with the Los Angeles-Long Beach port complex handling nearly one-third of all container traffic.
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The contiguous 48 states receive about 1.4 million metric tons of crude oil and petroleum products per day by water, primarily from foreign sources and Alaska. Waterborne domestic trade in petroleum products, such as vehicle and aviation fuels, is also significant.
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Mariners are forced to operate with incomplete or outdated hydrographic data, conflicting information published by various government agencies, and delays in publishing the most recent information 9 Hydrography deals with the measurement of the bottom topography of waters and their marginal land areas, with specific reference to the elements that affect safe navigation, and the publication of information in a form suitable for use by navigators.
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From page 9... ...
For example, emergency response teams in the Delaware River region can obtain hazardous cargo information from a local system that captures electronic manifests for all imported waterborne cargoes transiting the river for dissemination to the U.S. Customs Service and port customers.
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The USCG is beginning a pilot project with a transponder-based automated information system (AIS) as the basis for vessel traffic management in the Lower Mississippi River.
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From page 11... ...
ports to accommodate shipping trends, including projected growth in international trade and the development of larger and faster vessels. Crucial shortcomings in maritime information include the lack of accurate, real-time information about water depths and underwater obstructions in harbors and approaches; outdated nautical charts; the limited availability of electronic charts; inadequate systems for tracking hazardous cargoes; the incompatible designs of VTS systems; over-reliance on voice communications; and chronic shortfalls in federal budgets for information systems that promote navigation safety.
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From page 12... ...
Paper presented at spring meeting of the Marine Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., April 3, 1998. National Dialog on Vessel Traffic Services.
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