Biographical Memoirs Volume 76 (1999) / Chapter Skim
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Samuel King Allison
Samuel King Allison
Pages 1-17
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13io,qraphicat Memoirs VOLUME 76
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It was also near the time when Cockroft-Walton accelerators en c! then Van cle Graaff machines began producing beams of protons en c!
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lee! in his aclult years to strenuous canoe trips into the Canaclian wilclerness with friends, inclucling his clistinguishec!
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, Professor Duane strongly supported Compton's work at the next meeting of the American Physical Society. The close lifelong association of Allison and Arthur Compton began at this time.
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This work has remained of fundamental interest, and serves now as the basis for certain major lines of nuclear reactor development both in the United States and abroad. His was the first experimental group at the newly formed Met Lab, and indeed was the nucleus of the wartime lab [around which grew]
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It was Sam Allison who, with his extraordinary patience and insight, kept this disparate crew focused on the main job, which was to achieve success ahead of the Nazi competitors. If the project was faced with a technical crisis, as when the multiplication factor appeared too small to sustain a chain reaction, or when the canning of the uranium slugs seemed to be impossible; or if the project was confronted with a personnel crisis as when the most senior and desperately needed physicist handed in his resignation, it was always Sam Allison upon whom much of the burden fell, and it was he, with his gentle and appropriate humor and technical knowledge who saved the day.
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The younger faculty included Richard Garwin, Marvin Goldberger, Murray GellMann, Yoichiro Nambu, Eugene Parker, John Simpson, Nathan Sugarman, Anthony Turkevich, and Valentine Telegdi. The students of that era included James Cronin, Jerome Friedman, T
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He soon hac! some five students measuring the energies of particles produced in lithium targets bom barclec!
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a 2-MeV Van cle Graaff accelerator, which he equipped to accelerate lithium ions to energies sufficient to cause nuclear reactions in light nuclei. With his moclest apparatus, first the kevatron en c!
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Even with a maximum beam energy of only 2 MeV, the Van cle Graaff accelerator conic! be user!
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The early work on the energy loss of slow protons, cleuterons, alpha particles, en c! Li6 nuclei passing through thin aluminum and gold films was pioneering en c!
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procluction of H- ions in tandem Van cle Graaff machines. In the experiments on light nuclei it was often necessary to subtract a background!
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postclocs. George Morrison, a postcloc who playact a leacling role in the work with lithium at the Van cle Graaff, relates, "In Looking back, I have to say that my period at Chicago was the most rewarding and enjoyable research time of my life.
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But the combination of administrative duties and personal research taxed his strength in increasing measure as he grew older. When he resigned as director of the Fermi Institute in 1957, he felt relieved and looked forward with anticipation to many years of fruitful scientific inquiry under less stressful conditions.
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) , Leo Herzenberg, Tanera Marshall, George Morrison, Paul Murphy, Edwin Norbeck, Gilbert Perlow, Tohn Schiffer, Tohn Simpson, and Anthony Turkevich.
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Stopping power of various gasses for lithium ions of 100-450 KeV kinetic energy.
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