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1. Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
Pages 1-6

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From page 1...
... , the National Research Council established the Committee on Effective Manning under the auspices of the Marine Board. The charge to the committee was to provide technical background and analysis in support of management, labor, and government decision making regarding the means and process by which effective manning may be best accomplished in the U.S.-flag merchant fleet.
From page 2...
... The shipboard changes ares enabled or supported by technology advances and changes in shore support, management duties, and logistics. The range of innovations includes changes in vessel design, technology and equipment; the organization of crews; and union/company arrangements, shoreside support, and individual corporate policies.
From page 3...
... One, they were eager to improve the attractiveness of the seagoing career to alleviate a shortage of manpower; a better educated labor force with employment options ashore was less willing to accept existing shipboard working conditions. Two, operators wished to reduce operating costs to compete better with the expanding low-labor cost fleets of the third world and flags of convenience, and the heavily subsidized fleets of the Eastern bloc countries.
From page 4...
... The multiplicity of separate and some time s competing mar itime unions deserves the pr iority attention of union leaders. Another set of initiatives at the industry level can encourage manning changes: workshops which permit potential participants to learn about and assess alternative manning concepts and strategies for introducing change ; workshops which enable actual participants in change projects to exchange experience; and research which documents the lessons learned from change efforts.
From page 5...
... As a case in point, the committee considers that it will take considerable time and effort on the part of companies, unions, and the government to resolve the unfunded pension liability problem. While resolution of this problem is likely to affect union participation in manning changes, experimental efforts directed at, for example, crew continuity on the vessel must not wait for that problem to be solved.
From page 6...
... It could, for example, coordinate the formation of an industry-operated Ship Operation Research Center, as recommended by an earlier National Research Council report (National Research Council, 1983) , to promote information exchange on ship operation innovation, including effective manning.


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