Emergency and Continuous Exposure Limits for Selected Airborne Contaminants Volume 2 (1984) / Chapter Skim
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Xylene
Xylene
Pages 113-124
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From page 113... ...
2 106.16 144.411°C -25 . 182° C 0.87596 gtml 3.7 17.2°C 6.6 1 ppm = 4.34 mg/m3 lmg/m3= 0.23ppm Clear flammable liquid; aromatic hydrocarbon odor; commercial form is mixture of three isomers, with mete form usually principal component; insoluble in water; miscible with organic solvents m-Xylene 330-20-7 106.16 139.103° C -47.872°C 0.85990 g/m 3.7 25°C 8.39 p-Xylene 1330-20-7 C6~ ( CH3)
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From page 114... ...
Fifteen male subjects were exposed to xylene vapor at approximately 100 or 300 ppm for 70 min (Gamberale _ al., 1978~. No noticeable change in test performance (numerical ability, reaction time, short-term memory, and critical flicker fusion)
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From page 115... ...
Repeated skin contact with the undiluted xylene solution led to erythema and slight necrosis in rabbits. Instillation into the rabbit eye led to conjunctival irritation and very slight, transient corneal injury.
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From page 116... ...
Minor changes in brain enzymes were observed, including an increase in superoxide dismutase activity after 14 wk of exposure to xylene alone and an increase in brain proteolytic activity in animals given both ethanol and xylene at 9-14 wk. There was no indication of a cause-effect relation between the enzyme changes and changes in preening and ambulation, nor was there evidence that these minor changes in enzyme activity constituted serious toxic impairment.
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From page 117... ...
Brain content of NADPH diaphorase increased, whereas brain superoxide dismutase decreased. Biochemical analyses on rats withdrawn from exposure for 2 wk indicated that the biochemical effects were largely abolished within that time, although cerebral RNA was above the control value at the two higher exposures.
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From page 118... ...
However, the administration Of Ethylene to rabbits inactivated cytochrome P-450 in the lung. INHALATION EXPOSURE LIMITS The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (1980, 1983)
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From page 119... ...
reviewed the toxicologic data on xylene and included the following statement in its report: The acute toxicity of the xylenes predominantly reflects effects on the central nervous system similar to those produced by other alkyl benzenes and related compounds. Irritant effects on mucous membranes have been reported, particularly upon direct contact.
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From page 120... ...
TLVe(R) : Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents in the Work Environment with Intended Changes for 1983-1984.
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From page 121... ...
1974. Serum oraithine carbamyl transferase as a liver response test for exposure to organic solvents.
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From page 122... ...
1979a. Neurochemical and behavioural effects of long-term intermittent inhalation of xylene vapour and simultaneous ethanol intake.
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From page 123... ...
1980. Dose-dependent neurochemical changes during short-term inhalation exposure to m-xylene.
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