Enhancing Human Performance Background Papers, Stress Management (1988) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
5 Stress Reduction
5 Stress Reduction
Pages 105-117
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 105... ...
Regulatory techniques are psychological coping tactics utilized to counteract precursors or elements of stress reactions, particularly with regard to tension, emotion, and cognition predisposed to stress. Behavior patterns linked with recurrent stress episodes might also be modified in a self-regulatory effort.
|
From page 106... ...
In addition, a model known as stress inoculation represents an attractive aggregate of available methods and can usefully be applied to military populations. Arousal Reduction Since physiological activation constitutes a core component of stress reactions, procedures designed to reduce arousal are commonly part of stress management programs.
|
From page 107... ...
reported that significant decreases in blood pressure were found under experimental conditions to be associated with tally relaxation practice in a corporate environment. Another relaxation induction procedure is autogenic training, developed by Schultz and Luthe.
|
From page 108... ...
Cognitive Interventions Various procedures are being extensively used in clinical work to modify cognitive dimensions of stress disorders. Changing belief systems, modifying perceptions, altering attentional focus, eliminating intrusive thoughts, and adjusting expectations are among the tactics utilized to help clients
|
From page 109... ...
. The problems of impulsive children, delinquents, anxiety disorders, depression, assertivenss, pain, eating disorders, anger, alcoholism, and smoking have each had multiple treatment studies produce successful results with cognitively based behavioral programs.
|
From page 110... ...
" scenarios. One promising cognitive technique that is getting extensive use in the area of sports psychology is vi-quo-motor behavioral rehearsal (VEER)
|
From page 111... ...
Goal setting is a cognitive-behavioral skill that has been incorporated into many stress reduction approaches and other enterprises concerned with performance effectiveness. It involves an assessment of personal values, the development of short-term versus long-term goals, and a clear specification of them.
|
From page 112... ...
present a model for understanding the stress reducing functions of goal setting programs which have dyadic involvement of managers and employees, thus leading to reduced role stress. This results from employee participation in setting task goals and frequent managerial performance feedback.
|
From page 113... ...
Among Cohen's basic assumptions are that when demands exceed attentional capacity, priorities are set, and that prolonged demands cause depletion in capacity. Intense, unpredictable, and uncontrollable stressors create demands on attention capacity, as does task multiplicity.
|
From page 114... ...
This charting technique is a form of self-monitoring, which is a cognitive-behavioral skill that is fundamental to coping with stress. Selfmonitoring requires accurate observation and attention, but procedurally involves behavioral habits of charting physical states, psychological states, and behavioral activities.
|
From page 115... ...
. The "inoculation" concept is a medical metaphor, and the treatment approach involves exposing the client to graduated dosages of a stressor that challenge but do not overwhelm coping resources.
|
From page 116... ...
. He had suggested that trainees be given battle inoculation not only to acquire combat skills but to develop personal techniques for coping with emotional reactions, such as techniques we would now refer to as attentional refocusing, task orientation, and self-verbalizations of confidence enhancement.
|
From page 117... ...
There are a few clinical cases, mostly concerning PTSD described earlier as arousal reduction treatments, and very few experimental programs. My search has included technical report information sources, as well as books and journals.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.