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Discussion: Conflict and Stress in the Space Station
Pages 390-401

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From page 390...
... Such failures come about in part because of the greater complexity, differentiation, and decentralization that is created by changes crew size and composition, technology, and cats. As Michener notes ~ ~ _ ,, the space station crews confront a perilous environment and one that they must d-~1 with largely on their own (MichenPr does not mention but is no doubt cognizant of the fact that under ache curing design there is no way Accra Over can red ~ ~ ·a a e a ~ a ma 8 _ ~ ~ earth in an ~ency, sine-= there is no escape vehicle)
From page 391...
... The point is that earth-based studies of the effects of group size an both utilitarian and affiliative type group goals have not produced uniform findings. Conflict Michener is not specific about the causes of conflict, but the close ~nteractional situation in the space station provides the potential for seemingly minor events to stimulate interpersonal hostility.
From page 392...
... Michener argues that the long Term h of the Apace station missions may lower crew tolerance and encourage greater subgroup conflict. However,
From page 393...
... rear argues that a multiplicity of small conflicts internal to a group may breed solidarity provided that the conflicts do not divide the group along the same axis, because the conflict coalitions provide a place for exchanging dissenting c pinions. In essence, he claims that some conflict or disagreement is inevitable and that it is better to foster minor conflicts of interest and thereby gradually adjust the system, than to allow for the accumulation of many latent deep antagonisms that could completely disrupt it.
From page 394...
... She prc poses the intriguing idea of developing a ccmputer-aided system to rectify cognitive processing deficiencies that appear under high stress levels. However, one of the problems with stress measurement is that so many factors can be stressful that objective quantitative measurement is difficult.
From page 395...
... . Man are Rationally affected for crises that mar within they r~ucl-=r funnily, lout women are mare Reply affected by teeth crises amoral firs of they nuclear fogy and among persons go may be clarified as fries arm associates.
From page 396...
... It is also reasonable to anticipate that besides selection effects, situational effects; w;11 be mrerpch~ring arm hence me Herder differences su=:ses~ above will be masked. Alternatively, _ __ it may be that the larger-sized grams in Apace station 199Os combined with the exist of a "skewed sex ratio" punter, 1977)
From page 397...
... Foushee observes significantly that "Perhaps the most sea lent aspects of this flight sibilation surly was the; firxti~ that the majority of problems were plated ~ browns in crew coordination, ret to a lack of tedhni~1 repledge arx] skill." FILM on social factors affecting Grasp conflict, success arxi other relate issues as both Mi~henez arm have observed, is essential.
From page 398...
... and ~ chaps m ant important of all, audio ark videotapes of ~n;~sions, such as the threerperson Skylab missions discussed above. Research Argo-== to these tapes Could fact itate development of new measures of stress and conflict and the Or relationship to decision processes and would permit stay of m~crogroup processes such as initiation of interaction, rates of interaction, and measures of power (such as ~nterr~ions, takeovers, and a~reriaps, Ed..
From page 399...
... 2. The New Yorker ant also suggest" Cat Me Person Skylab crews varied substantially in their pr~uctivit~r.
From page 400...
... C 1979 Stress, social status, arm psychological distress.
From page 401...
... 401 Siegel, J., nlh~v - , V., KieSler, S., ark M=uire, T


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