The Earth's Electrical Environment (1986) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 94-96
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From page 94... ...
(Earlier work by Wilson on the properties of atmospheric ions led him to develop the cloud chamber for studying high-energy particles, for which he was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1927.) Subsequent field studies in England and New Mexico between about 1935 and 1955 confirmed this basic picture of the storm charges and indicated that the main negative charge resided at altitudes where the ambient temperature is less than 0°C (Simpson and Scrase, 1937; Workman et al., 1942; Reynolds and Neill, 1955)
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From page 95... ...
The apparent altitude stability of the negative charge is remarkable in view of the fact that convective storms are characterized by substantial upward and downward motions of both air and precipitation. The storm charges are carried on cloud and precipitation particles and must follow the motions of the particles until their charge somehow changes.
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From page 96... ...
_ ~_ - _ ,, me ~% 1 ~/~. ~ + ~Storms Florida Florida New Mexico Plain Winter FIGURE 8.5 Illustration of how the negative-charge centers of cloud-to-ground lightning are at similar temperature levels in New Mexico and Florida storms, even though the latter have much greater extent of cloud and precipitation below the 0°C level and often above this level as well (adapted from the original by M
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