Human Factors in the Design of Tactical Display Systems for the Individual Soldier (1995) / Chapter Skim
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2 The Infantry Population
2 The Infantry Population
Pages 26-38
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From page 26... ...
ARMY PERSONNEL SELECTION TOOLS The advent of the 21 CLW concept raises the traditional MANPRINT question: Can this soldier with this training perform these tasks to standard under battlefield conditions? The employment concept portion of the Operational Requirements Document (ORD)
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Ver pa compre nens~on Verbal expression Idea fluency Originality Memorization Problem sensitivity Mathematical reasoning Number facility Deductive reasoning Information ordering Category flexibility Spatial orientation Visualization Speed of closure Flexibility of closure Selective attention Time sharing Perceptual speed Fleishman's Human Performance Taxonomy Physical Static strength Explosive strength Dynamic strength Stamina Extent flexibility Dynamic flexibility Gross body equilibrium Gross body coordination Psychomotor Choice reaction time Reaction time Speed of limb movement Wnst-finger speed Multi-limb coordination Finger dexterity Manual dexterity Arm-hand steadiness Control precision Rate control Cognitive Entry Requirements: The ASVAB The ASVAB is composed of 10 subtests: general science (GS) , arithmetic reasoning (AR)
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From page 28... ...
. All ASVAB tests except for numerical operations and coding speed are power tests instead of speed tests and have generous time limits.
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From page 29... ...
Applicants are classified in a military occupation by using these composites to predict success in initial occupational training schools. The Army composites from the ASVAB subtests and corresponding aptitude areas are shown below: Aptitude Area Composites from ASVAB Subtests Combat (CO)
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From page 30... ...
The physical requirement for the infantry do not differ from those for all Army personnel. The physical demands for infantry soldiers include the following: · occasionally raise and carry 160-pound persons on back; · frequently perform all other tasks while carrying a minimum of 65 pounds, evenly distributed over entire body; miles; · frequently walk, run, crawl, and climb over varying terrain for a distance of up to 25 · frequently give oral commands in outside area at distances up to 50 meters; · able to hear oral commands in outside area at distances up to 50 meters; · occasionally climb a rope a distance of up to 30 feet; · frequently throw I-pound object 40 meters; 30
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From page 31... ...
The required physical profile for an entry infantry soldier is translated as follows: · physical capacity (l) -- good muscular development with ability to perform maximum effort for indefinite periods; · upper extremities (~ -- no loss of digits or limitation of motion; no demonstrable abnormality; able to do hand-to-hand fighting; · lower extremities (~ -- no loss of digits or limitation of motion; no demonstrable abnormality; be capable of performing long marches, standing very long periods; · hearing-ears (21 -- audiometer average level of six readings (three per ear)
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From page 32... ...
Some specific hardware and software features associated with installing and operating an embedded training system include processing speed, access rate, memory, display capabilities, communications, interfaces, menu structures, and the performance data collection capabilities. Planning for such a system must include an analysis of the conditions of use (e.g., conducting embedded training for one platoon while another is conducting operations in a combat zone)
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From page 33... ...
A fully integrated system will require careful Built-in Test/Buitt-in Test Equipment design to facilitate fault isolation and repair or replacement. The Army's historical experience with new technology has demonstrated unintended effects, such as increases in demands for soldier quality, increased school training time, skill creep, or lower equipment readiness levels.
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From page 34... ...
The current target audience description does not cite head dimensions as critical. Given the importance of a comfortable fit to the soldier, the current design specification for 5-95th percentile males leaves out 10 percent of the population.
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From page 35... ...
Interviews with the Rangers who tested the prototype revealed that they valued three components of the system: squad radio, global position satellite system (GPS) , and the thermal sight.
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Soldier frustration with the initial prototype was reported to be very high. Performance Design Issues Providing remedies to the problems of cognitive or information overload is not easy because of the various factors that affect work and the variations in emotional reaction to a variety of perceived risks, physical demands, and surprise.
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From page 37... ...
There is a broad bandwidth of individual differences in the youth population and large variances around specific cognitive, physical, and psychomotor measures. Historically, personnel selection and soldier training have been used to mitigate this naturally occurring variance.
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From page 38... ...
The target audience description shows that a large number of potential infantry squad leaders are in the lower mental categories of military personnel and can be expected to read at a 7th grade level. The ability of these personnel to perform successfully needs to be closely evaluated.
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