An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Programs Fiscal Year 1994 (1994) / Chapter Skim
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2 Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory
2 Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory
Pages 15-50
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Chapter 2 Electronics anal Electrical Engineering Laboratory
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Submitted for the panel by its Chair, V Thomas Rhyne, this assessment of the fiscal year 1 994 activities of the Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory is based on site visits by individual pane!
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These are realized through development of measurement methods, support theory, measurement reference standards (including the national primary standards for electricity, and materials reference standards) , and calibration and other measurement services to assure measurement traceability.
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KEEL places the highest priority on cielivering absolute accuracy, followecl by providing reproducible measurement capability. This may involve developing a new documented measurement method, a special measurement device for use by industries or by KEEL calibration services, an improved reference standard to assure the accuracy of a measurement method, a new methoc!
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The panel judges that KEEL's goals for resource development are appropriate, especially as those goals move KEEL away from using OA funds to support its basic mission. The decrease of linkages to outside funding agencies, many of which have their own technical agendas, may provide opportunities for KEEL to expand activities into new areas with high potential benefit to KEEL customers.
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. KEEL technical management should conduct periodic reviews of fundamental research activities to verify that projects have a strong likelihood of benefiting the laboratory's mission and to identify new areas in which fundamental research is critically needed to provide sufficient measurement capabilities for advancing calibration and repeatability requirements.
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to electrical units. The division is responsible for providing calibration services and for developing and improving the measurement methods and services needed to support electrical materials, components, instruments, and systems user!
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Resources The resources available to the Electricity Division in 1993 included 80 staff members (56 technical professionals, 24 PhDs) and $9.6 million in Finding ($5 million from STRS, $~.3 million from ATP, $~.} million from calibration services income, and $2.2 million from other sources)
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industry, ant! compliance will affect NIST calibration services workloa~i and worIdwicle recognition.
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found planned work in plasma processing was well structured though only loosely connected to the work of the KEEL Semiconductor Electronics Division. Assessment of Technical Programs In national stanciards, duplicating the National Physical Laboratory (U.K.)
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Video projects are all directed at industrial measurement requirements and standards. Because of the rapid change in the technology base for flat panels and video compression, the division faces the challenge of delivering useful measurement methods in a timely manner.
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development of measurement and evaluation tools and metrics for energy efficiency programs, including conservation and demand-side management; (2) increased research and metrology activities in electromagnetic fields; in particular, some focused activity associated with risks to health should be consiclered; (3)
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Committee membership should include staff from the Fundamental Electrical Measurements Group, the Cryogenic Metrology Group, and the Time and Frequency Division of the Physics Laboratory, as well as from NIST's Standard Reference Data Program and the division's Precision Measurement Grant Program, and should establish a working subgroup for maintenance of the fundamental constants...." (p.
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The division's strategy also adciresses needs not encompassed by the SIA Roadmap, namely, needs in power semiconductors, compound semiconductors for electronic and optoelectronic applications, and analog devices. Current strategy in silicon integrated circuits includes nanoelectronic, contactless, and nondestructive optical probes for on-line ant!
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In the Modeling for Product and Processing Design Program, the division plans to provide measurement methods for and reference data on materials properties, chemical reaction rates, and other factors needed as input for these models. Test methods will also be developed that will allow the evaluation of mode!
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Also, the division properly maintains a smaller program for those semiconductor technologies not adciressed by the STA Roadmap. The current projects in the Semiconductor Electronics Division (Nanoelectronics, Semiconductor Characterization Technology, Electrical and Thermal Characterization, Thin Film Characterization, and Test Structure Metrology for Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing)
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reiterates its fiscal year 1993 recommendation that the Semiconductor Electronics Division take leadership in formulating with industry a national strategic plan for compound semiconductors. NIST, with the support of the SIA Roacimap Coordination Group, is establishing a Semiconductor Metrology Advisory Group composed of government, industry, and university 31
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Semiconductor Electronics Division Responses to Fisca! Year 1993 Recommendations Given below are some of the panel's fiscal year 1993 recommendations for the ~ 1 Semiconductor Electronics Division (quoted from the fiscal year 1993 assessment)
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Electromagnetic Fields Division Mission The Electromagnetic Fielcls Division develops and evaluates systems, devices, and methods for measurement and analysis of ra(lio frequency electromagnetic fielcls, signals, noise, interference, and properties of materials for guide(l and freely propagating fields, including frequency and time domain representation of electromagnetic fields and their interaction with materials and structures; provides essential measurement and calibration services, enabling industry and government to solve important national, commercial, industrial, and military problems such as evaluating the performance of microwave and millimeter systems, components, 33
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and and materials used, for example, i automated test systems; assists other agencies with measurement-related issues such as determining levels of nonionizing radiation and solving electromagnetic interference problems; and disseminates results to industry, universities, and other government agencies to foster effective research, development, manufacturing, and marketplace equity. Strategy The Electromagnetic Fields Division consists of the Microwave Metrology Group, the Fields and Interference Metrology Group, and the Antenna and Materials Metrology Group.
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The challenge cluring this transition will be to implement new initiatives in a rapidly changing commercial environment while operating within NIST's funding response time. Assessment of Technical Programs The programs in the Electromagnetic Fields Division reflect that the division is in transition from major OA funding (primarily DOD)
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Microwave integrated circuits in both monolithic microwave integrated circuit and hybrid forms will find greatly increased utilization in new commercial applications in frequency bands ranging from about ~ GHz to almost 100 GHz. Since most of these new applications may not be economically feasible without improved microwave integrated circuits, current divisional activities in this area should be expanded.
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Areas that are expected to retain continuing industrial interest, though not prominent in new applications, should not be totally eliminated; such areas include near-field metrology, radar-cross-section metrology, and six-port measurements. Electromagnetic Fields Division Responses to Fiscal Year 1993 Recommendations Given below are some of the panel's fiscal year 1993 recommendations for the Electromagnetic Fields Division (quoted from the fiscal year ~ 993 assessment)
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Strategy The overall strategy of the Optical Electronics Division is targeted at five key segments of optical electronics: optical fiber communications, optical fiber sensors, optical information storage, optical signal processing and computing, and lasers. Division activities to support the measurement needs of optical fiber communications are primarily directed at the component level, where the strategy is to develop and evaluate measurement techniques, develop and disseminate reference data, develop standard reference materials and components, provide measurement services, participate in industry-wide efforts toward measurement standardization, and provide technical support to government and university activities.
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and 6 guest researchers. Assessment of Strategy The mission of the new Optical Electronics Division is very broad in scope in a technological area that has experienced explosive growth over the past decade and holds promise for an even wider set of industrial applications.
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However, given the breadth of technologies associated with laser applications, it is critical that all appropriate NIST laboratories cooperate to assure that NIST provides programs that meet the needs of this area. Given the double-digit growth of the optical electronics industry and the importance of the fiber optics infrastructure for global multimedia communications, the lack of any funding increase for this new division in fiscal year 1994 seems inappropriate.
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1 Us aspect ot the work warrants a separate group activity. The explosion in electronics and multimedia communication will provide a tremendous challenge and opportunity for KEEL, but particularly for the new Optical Electronics Division.
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The division role should be defined in the context of the entire NT ST effort. Optical Electronics Division Responses to Fiscal Year 1993 Recommendations Given below are some of the panel's fiscal year 1993 recommendations concerning the programs in the new Optical Electronics Division (quoted from the fiscal year ~ 993 assessment)
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The Optical Electronics Division's project focuses on generic sensor data and characterization techniques and serves as a resource to other NIST programs, including specific sensor development responding to unmet needs for electrical measurements appropriate to other KEEL programs. Cryoelectronic Metrology and Superconductivity and Magnetics Division Mission The Cryoelectronic Metrology Group and the Superconductor and Magnetic Measurements Group, which were being reorganized into a new division at the time of this assessment, invent, develop, use, and transfer to others standards and measurement techniques based on cryogenic phenomena and magnetism that can be used broadly throughout industry.
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Resources The new Cryoelectronic Metrology and Superconductivity and Magnetics Division consists of the Cryoelectronic Metrology Group and the Superconductor and Magnetic Measurements Group. Forty-nine total staff members are being carried forward into the new division, representing 39.6 full-time equivalent staff.
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wires and superconducting splices between high-TC wires. The current projects and measurement capabilities associated with magnetics provide a good base for characterization of bulk and thin film magnetic samples.
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-is, - - do, r7 ~ Recommendations - C7 - - -- -- -__ The following are the panel's recommendations for the Cryoelectronic Metrology and Superconductivity and Magnetics Division. The new Cryoelectronic Metrology and Superconductivity ant} Magnetics Division should have one mission and strategy statement that is well understood by all staff.
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Cryoelectronic Metrology ant! Superconductivity and Magnetics Division Responses to Fiscal Year 1993 Recommendations Given below are some of the panel's fiscal year ~ 993 recommendations for the program in the new Cryoelectronic Metrology and Superconductivity and Magnetics Division (quoted from the fiscal year 1993 assessment)
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to be strategically linked to related industries through ties to the SIA, especially in support of SIA Roadmap. OMP is very effective in placing its funds across NIST laboratories in support of key industry needs.
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The staff of the office does good work in the variety of areas in which customers have sought support. The office continues to serve as a unique leader in many key areas and serves as a national asset to the law enforcement community.
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