New Vaccine Development Establishing Priorities: Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries (1986) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Appendix D-7: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Mycobacterium leprae
Appendix D-7: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Mycobacterium leprae
Pages 241-250
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 241... ...
PATHOGEN DESCRI PT ION Mycobacterium leprae remains the only major human bacterial pathogen that cannot be cultivated in the laboratory. Until recently, scientific research depended on the ability to grow large quantities of The committee gratefully acknowledges the efforts of B
|
From page 242... ...
The estimates given below relate to clinically symptomatic cases of disease, that is, where permanently impaired neurological function or tissue damage is apparent. The Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (SPRTTD, 1985)
|
From page 243... ...
One-third of leprosy patients face the threat of progressive disease, which can result in severe physical disability and social stigmatization (SPRTTO, 19851. Patients who contract the disease early in life or who progress rapidly will spend part of their remaining lifetime with mild, moderate, and then severe chronic disability (categories D, E, and F)
|
From page 244... ...
244 Al p4 to ID sol a, a, Up UP CO 0 PA 1 Up to 0 a, a)
|
From page 245... ...
* Vaccine preventable illness is defined as that portion of the disease burden that could be prevented by immunization of the entire target population (at the anticipated age of administration)
|
From page 246... ...
Despite the efforts of governmental and private agencies and the availability of an inexpensive and nontoxic therapeutic drug, control of leprosy transmission has not been achieved. A significant amount of transmission probably occurs prior to the diagnosis of leprosy.
|
From page 247... ...
Field trials of this combined vaccine in prophylactic studies involving 64,000 patient contacts in Venezuela and a total population in Malawi (108,000 people) are based on the premise that the combined vaccine will both immunize naive individuals and have some ~mmunotherapeutic effects in patients harboring subclinical infections (SPRTTD, 1985~.
|
From page 248... ...
leprae-specific antigenic determinants~can be identified using monoclonal antibodies. Recent evidence suggests that some recombinant clones express antigens recognized by immune T-lymphocytes, and it will be important to develop means of introducing these potentially protective genes into a cultivable mycobacterium.
|
From page 249... ...
Some areas of the developing world that possess the field and clinical expertise to participate in vaccine trials and evaluations lack the national political commitment to initiate and carry out essential background work. The most significant social question will be whether the identification of an effective vaccine for leprosy and the development of suitable delivery systems can overcome the universal stigma associated with the disease.
|
From page 250... ...
1965. Mycobacterium leprae in mice: Minimal infectious dose, relationship between staining quality and infectivity and effect of cortisone.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.