New Vaccine Development Establishing Priorities: Volume II, Diseases of Importance in Developing Countries (1986) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix D-19: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Yellow Fever
Appendix D-19: The Prospects for Immunizing Against Yellow Fever
Pages 390-402
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The need for a new vaccine stems in Part from evidence that infants under 6 months of age may develop neurological complications when immunized with the 17D vaccine (Pan American Health Organization, 1984~. Also, the reappearance of the insect vector of YF virus in some urban centers in South America and the potential for YF transmission to susceptible areas elsewhere has led to concern that the demand for the The committee gratefully acknowledges the efforts of F
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Cell lines of mosquito, monkey kidney, and hamster kidney are useful for propagation and assay. The 17D attenuated strain can be grown in several cell substrates, such as primary or suboultured chick embryo fibroblast and monkey kidney cells; virus titers observed in these systems are comparable to those obtained in embryonated eggs (Pan American Health Organization, 1981~.
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through D-19.4. Disease burden estimates were based on reported cases of YF to the World Health Organization, multiplied by a correction factor.
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The majority of cases recorded in South America involve males 15 to 45 years old, but children in the 1 to 4 years age group also can be affected (Pan American Health Organization, 1983~.
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General adoption of the World Health Organization Expanded Program on Immunization (WHO-EPI) offers an opportunity to add an improved YF vaccine to the six vaccines already included in the program, providing a vaccine that is adequately safe in young children can be developed.
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If urban YF were to reappear in South America, the consequences could be catastrophic. However, an urban population can be immunized rapidly if adequate stocks of vaccine exist and vaccination teams are available.
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The 17D vaccine virus has been grown on various cell substrates up to titres comparable to those obtained in embryonated eggs (Pan American Health Organization, 1981~. These substrates include primary chick and duck embryo fibroblasts, as well as a diploid cell strain.
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formulation and evaluation of more satisfactory thermal stabilization agents for the currently available YF vaccine. If chick embryo cell cultures are used as the substrate, they should be derived from embryonated eggs from a monitored, specific pathogen-free flock of chickens.
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World Health Organization Expert Committee on Yellow Fever.
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