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2. RADIOACTIVITY PRODUCTIONS IN NUCLEAR REACTORS
Pages 11-30

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From page 11...
... . Each nuclide decays with emission from the nucleus of characteristic energetic elementary particles or energetic photons.
From page 12...
... (2-2) The constant ~ is the characteristic decay constant for the radioactive species.
From page 13...
... Using the mass instead of volume avoids the confusion of water density differences at different temperatures. The radioactive species may be produced in a reactor by different nuclear reactions from various target materials in the system.
From page 14...
... The heavy peak appears not to be appreciably displaced, compared to U-235 fission, but the light peak has its maximum at about A = 99. An enormous amount of radiochemical work was required to arrive at the present state of knowledge about fission products.
From page 15...
... Yields of Fission Product Chains as a Function of Mass Number for the Thermal-Neutron Fission of U-235 and Pu-239 2-5
From page 16...
... is the fractional independent yield of the fission product with atomic number Z fo e is the odd-even effect factor, and C is nearly constant for all fission product mass chains.
From page 17...
... Table 2-1 BETA DECAY CHAIN FOR MASS NUMBER 93 (Yields are for ~ermal-neutron fission of U-235) Fractional Inciependent Cumulative Nuclide Yield Yield % Br-93 (0.~Is)
From page 18...
... Based on the charge distribution probability, Rider(6) has calculated by both the independent and cumulative fission yields for all fission products from various fission reactions.
From page 19...
... Table 2-2 CUMULATIVE YIELDS OF MAJOR EISSION PRODUCTS IN ~ERMAL NEUTRON [ISSION OF U-235 AND Pu-239 Decay Fission yields(Y) ,% Half- constant (U+Pu)
From page 20...
... Table 2-2 (Continued) Half Nuclide Decay constant X, 1/s ~ds(Y)
From page 21...
... Am244 ~_ Cm244 lO.lh a/ Tn.)
From page 23...
... 1 .0 0.8 o 0.6 cn en lo id o 0.4 0.2 o | INITIAL U-235 CONTENT = 2.5% | \5 1 ~ o / Pu-239 Pu-241 U-238 1 1 1 20 FUEL EXPOSURE (GWd/t) 30 Figure 2-5.
From page 24...
... . The production rates of radioactive species in water depend on the concentrations of their parent targets in water.
From page 25...
... F and P in the parentheses indicate thermal and fast neutron and proton reactions, respectively; the activation cross-section data are adopted from References 1 and 2.
From page 26...
... (2-7) The core average neutron flux in a light water reactor may be approximately related to the power density of the core.
From page 27...
... (2-~) The calculated specific activities as a function of irradiation time at a constant neutron flux for the major activation products generally found in lightwater reactors are shown in Figure 2-6.
From page 28...
... Table 24 MAJOR ACTIVATED CORROSION PRODUCTS IN LIGHT WATER REACTORS Nature Isotopic Activation Cross SecHon Half- Formation Abundance (Barns~a_ Nuclide Iife Reaction (%) Thennal Epi~ennal Fast 51cr 27.7 d 50Cr(n,~y)
From page 29...
... Figure 2-6. Specific Activity of Major Corrosion Products as a Function of Irradiation Time with Neutron Ilux 2-~9
From page 30...
... . "Handbook on Nuclear Activation Cross Sections," Technical Report Series No.


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