Radiochemistry in Nuclear Power Reactors (1996) / Chapter Skim
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5. WATER AND IMPURITY ACTIVATION PRODUCTS
5. WATER AND IMPURITY ACTIVATION PRODUCTS
Pages 113-124
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From page 113... ...
neutron activation of boron in the burnable poison rods and subsequent tritium diffusion through the stainless steel cladding; and (3) neutron activation of boron, duterium and 6Li in the reactor coolant.
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From page 114... ...
(ci) Reactor Coolant 1.17 x ~ o8 0.416 48.7 CVCS Holdup Tank 9.5 x 107 0.315 33.3 Primary Water Storage Tank 2.84 x lo8 0.194 55.0 Component Cooling System 1.1 x 107 0.240 2.6 Refueling Water S forage Tank 9.6 x 1 o8 0.11 106.0 Spent Fuel Pit 2.26 x 109 0.09 204 Boric Acid Storage Tanks 7.56 x 106 0.184 1.4 Waste Holdup Tanks 1.09 x 107 0.132 1.4 5-2
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From page 115... ...
1 000 100 1.0 0.1 _~\ ~ \ ~ L ~ ~ ~ V 12/69 2/70 4/70 6/70 8/70 10/70 12/70 2/71 4/71 CALENDAR TIME Figure 5-1. Tritium Level in A PWR Primary Coolant (Ref.
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From page 116... ...
where Ceq = equilibrium activity concentration per unit target material, ,uCi/Kg/ppb R = activity production rate, pCi/kg/ppb W = reactor coolant mass, kg ~ = decay constant, s~] 'Bc = reactor cleanup time constant, sec~ (cleanup flow rate, kg / see)
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From page 117... ...
Equilibrium cone., Ceq, ppb Constant source input rate, ppb/hr n = Ceq~c 1.9x 10-3 0.14 2.6 18.6 8.04 - 5.9x 10~3 0.125 2.9 23.2 10 Reactor power = IS20 MWt Reactor water mass, W = 2 x 105kg Feedwater flow rate, F = 920 kg/s Cleanup flow rate, f = 24 kg/s Cleanup time constant, pc = I.2 x To4s~i 5.4 N-13 AND N-16 IN BOORS The N-16 activity is the primary source of radiation fields in the coolant and steam systems during power operation. l:n a BW~, the total nitrogen activity carried by the steam is only a few percent of the total nitrogen activity produced in the core under normal BWR water chemistry (NWC)
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From page 118... ...
In recent radiochemical studies in four reactors during hydrogen chemistry tests(~) , the cationic form of nitrogen activity has been identified as NH4+ by ion chromatographic separation, and the anion fraction was found to contain two major species, NO3- and NOB-, in both reactor coolant and steam condensate.
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From page 119... ...
pi' An 1.0 1~5 2.0 Ho CONCENTRATION IN FEEDWATER (ppm) EXPERIMENTAL DATA: STEAM LINE RADIATION FIELD AT 95% POWER O STEAM LINE RADIATION FIELD AT 83% POWER O STEAM LINE 16N ACTIVITY AT 83% POWER (scale x 0.1)
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From page 120... ...
z co > y o Y a, o y > y rat x y LO ~ 1 LL u)
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From page 121... ...
Variation of N-13 Species in Steam Condensate with H2 Concentration in Reactor Water.
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From page 122... ...
System chemistry has been found to have a profound influence on the chemical forms and the distribution of nitrogen activities in the BW R primary coolant system. Apparently, the NO3- or anion fraction dominate the N-13 activity in reactor water under NWC condition.
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From page 123... ...
form in either the reactor coolant or the BWR steam condensate, which is the most stable and only form of fluorine in water. The typical concentrations of F-18 in the BWP coolant and the steam condensate are 1.0 and 2.0 ,uCi/kg, respectively, independent of water pH and conductivity in reactor water.
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From page 124... ...
(6) Westinghouse Electric Corporation, "Source Term Data for Westinghouse Pressurized Water Reactors", WCAP-8253 (May 1974)
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