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Glossary
Pages 589-598

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From page 589...
... Death can occur immediately from the sudden propagation of air emboli into cerebral and cardiac circulation, or later, from pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema. Bone marrow: tissue occurring in the long bones and certain flat bones of vertebrates, the primary function of which is the generation of red and white blood cells.
From page 590...
... Crisis relocation: planned evacuation of population centers in anticipation of nuclear war. CRP-2B: a scenario of massive nuclear war, designed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, based on a hypothetical attack of 6,559 Mt of nuclear explosives targeted primarily at military installations and population centers within the United States.
From page 591...
... Fallout: particles of radioactively contaminated material which are dispersed in the atmosphere following a nuclear explosion and which subsequently settle to the earth's surface; localfallout refers to particles, generally larger than 1 micron, that reach the earth within 24 hours after a nuclear explosion; global fallout refers to fine particulate matter and gaseous compounds that ascend into the upper troposphere and stratosphere and may be widely distributed over a period of weeks or months (intermediate-fallout) to years (long-term fallout)
From page 592...
... Hyperthermia: a disturbance of the body's heat-regulating mechanism, resulting from exposure to excessive heat, characterized by prostration and circulatory collapse, and which can result in high fever and collapse, and sometimes in convulsions, coma, and death. Hypervigilance: condition in which a decision maker, under crisis-induced stress, searches frantically for a way out of the dilemma, rapidly shifting between alternatives, and then impulsively seizing on a hastily contrived solution that seems to promise immediate relief.
From page 593...
... Light-water reactors: reactors using ordinary water as coolant, including boiling water reactors and pressurized water reactors, the most common types used in the United States. Lymphocytes: see Immune response.
From page 594...
... Nuclear fuel cycle facilities: nuclear power reactors, facilities for mining, milling, isotopic enrichment, fabrication of fuel elements, reprocessing of fissionable material remaining in spent fuel, re-enrichment of fuel material, refabrication into new fuel elements, and waste disposal. Nuclear weapons: bomb, warhead, or projectile using active nuclear ma~terial to cause a chain reaction on detonation.
From page 595...
... : highly carcinogenic compounds produced by replacing hydrogen atoms in biphenyl with chlorine, used primarily as an insulating fluid in electrical equipment and to lend durability to hydraulic fluids and plastics. It has been found to accumulate in fish and to cause animal cancers.
From page 596...
... SCOPE/ENUWAR: Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment of the International Council of Scientific Unions program on the Environmental Effects of Nuclear War; a project involving about 100 physical and atmospheric scientists and 200 agricultural and ecological scientists from more than 30 countries around the world in a unique undertaking to assess the global consequences of nuclear war. Shock wave: the wave of air pressure produced by an explosion.
From page 597...
... Triage: the process of sorting casualties for the purpose of allocating resources and determining the priorities of medical response. Tropopause: altitude at which the ambient air temperature begins increasing with altitude; it is viewed as the dividing line between the lower atmosphere and the stratosphere.


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