Microgravity Research in Support of Technologies for the Human Exploration and Development of Space and Planetary Bodies (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C Glossary
Appendix C Glossary
Pages 195-198
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From page 195... ...
bioregenerative system system that makes use of metabolic processes in the conversion of waste to useful gases Brayton cycle a dynamic scheme for power generation featuring high conversion efficiency and a single-phase working fluid but with the drawback of relatively low heat-rejection temperatures, requiring relatively large and massive radiators capillarity the behavior of fluids under the influence of surface tension, such as the movement of water in a very small diameter tube, induced by the water' s ability to wet the walls of the tube cohesion the force that enables soil grains to cling together in opposition to the forces tending to separate soil into parts comminution reduction of a mass to minute particles or fine powder computational fluid dynamics (CFD) a numerical approach using high-speed computers for evaluating the conservation equations that describe single- and multiphase flows Coriolis force in a rotating system, a force proportional to the angular velocity and the velocity of any motion as measured in the rotating system 195
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From page 196... ...
inertia effect due to oscillatory accelerations arising from crew motions, machinery, rocket firings, and so on, occurring in spacecraft gravity a body force per unit mass experienced as a result of mutual attraction with all other bodies, independent of electromagnetic or other forces heat exchanger device that facilitates the transfer of heat from a hot source to a cold sink heat pipe A container of two-phase fluid used to transfer heat efficiently heat sink A reservoir to absorb thermal energy homeostasis maintenance of constant values. for example for temperature.
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From page 197... ...
. mac fining normal stress the component of stress normal to a plane inscribed in a substance, tending to cause compressive or tensile strain in that normal plane, N/m2 penetrator a device used to penetrate beneath the surface of a planetary body phase a homogeneous and physically distinct state of aggregation of a substance, i.e., solid, liquid, or vapor phase phase separation separation of a mixture of phases into individual component phases physically based model a model of system behavior based on fundamental physical principles (e.g., thermodynamic laws)
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From page 198... ...
mixtures with high conversion efficiencies and high heat-rejection temperatures, allowing reduced radiator mass and areas reduced gravity gravity levels that are less than 1 go regolith surface rock, especially used to describe the lunar surface soil shear stress the component of stress parallel to a plane inscribed in a substance, tending to cause a shearing or slippage strain in that parallel plane, N/m2 slurry a mixture of a liquid and insoluble solids specific impulse thrust per unit mass of flow rate produced by burning rocket propellant at the rate of one pound per second, in seconds static equilibrium the balancing of forces on bodies at rest substoichiometric in chemical reactions, the participation of one species in less-than-exact chemical equivalence with other reacting species surface tension attractive forces at a liquid surface that cause the surface to contract as far as possible technical readiness level the maturity of a system, ranging from level 1 (a basic principle observed and reported) to level 8 (a design qualified for spaceflight)
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