Modern Masonry Natural Stone and Clay Products (1956) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
IV. Costs and Maintenance
IV. Costs and Maintenance
Pages 95-124
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 95... ...
TIe was the Fecleral Con~issioner of Public BuilcTings and hired architects by tile hundrecI. They had to certify their record on a government form in a cJefinite, prescribed manner.
|
From page 97... ...
Y Noyes, Assistant Chief Engineer of Turner Construction Company since 1926.
|
From page 98... ...
Air Conditioning Unit Enclosures 1~. Little and Plaster i.
|
From page 99... ...
Scaffolding \Ve leave not inclucled such "Direct Cost" items as Air Conditioning Unit Enclosures, Interior Furring and Finishes, Sun Control and similar iten~s. These are not a feature of tl~e exterior wall as being considered here, as the similar designs of each could be usecT with any type of wall.
|
From page 100... ...
2. Granite faced exterior walls using /-inch thick granite and 8-inch common brick backing should cost about $12.00 per square foot.
|
From page 101... ...
The first cost of the heating and air conditioning system for a large building varies between $800 and $1,200 per ton of refrigeration. Tf we assignee that variations in wall type would merely alter the size of the system to a degree and that the price per ton for the added refrigeration would be only 507 of the above prices, the increased cost of the heating and air conditioning system in the "window" walled building will run from $~.20 to $~.80 per square foot of wall more than the "conventional" walled building.
|
From page 102... ...
Taxis suns capitalizec! at 10~,' amounts to $S,400 or a savings of S4( per square foot of wall surface.
|
From page 103... ...
To accon~plish Tower costs, wall thickness leas been decreased, while the masonry units the~nseives have increased in size. Greater use of cored units results front an attendant to adjust unit weight so teat masons can 1lancIle larger sizes without increased fatigue again an econ 103
|
From page 104... ...
What other type of exterior wall can be constructed for a price as low as $~.50 per square foot ancT be as durable as masonry? Yet, some industrial buildings which conic!
|
From page 105... ...
The first type is caused by shrinkage in indiviclual masonry units, accon~panie(1 by poor adhesion of joint mortar and the use of mortar having high shrinkage characteristics. The second type is caused by shrinkage of whole sections of the walls, together with the results of differential movements restrained by collateral construction.
|
From page 106... ...
~:~:~:E:~:E:E:::E~E:::E~E:E.E:E:E:E~E:E~ESE:E.E.E~E~E:E:E:E:E ~ ~::E: FICLRE 2 Aces and H~ngcs. Ecc~usc of thc Icstf~int oE fc~cd by cnc~scmcnt ~t columns, thc ~alb cr~c~cd vcltic~lly ~t c~ch column loc~tion.
|
From page 107... ...
In addition, parapets lacl; the weight necessary to hold masonry units to gether and maintain integrity. Sometimes at te~npts are made to protect the insicle of para pet walls with flashings extending front the roof to the underside of the coping in-orcler to Intuit exposure.
|
From page 108... ...
When concrete foundation walls are exposecl to a height of nave than a foot or so above grade, thermal changes cause cracking in the foundations. The stresses attendant to that phenomenon are transferred to the ~nasonry above, and it also cracks.
|
From page 109... ...
. Of partitions witty exterior walls along both sides of the building.
|
From page 110... ...
MAINTENANCE COSTS AND PROCEDURES NVhen we talk about maintenance work of any kincI, the terns implies that renewals or generalities. 110 r epairs of a repetitive nature are involvedthat something is necessary to restore or maintain original integrity, that deterioration is anticipated, and results for natural wear and tear.
|
From page 111... ...
to the heavy wind-driven rains of three successive hurricanes. Eight-inch thick walls constructed of one wythe of hollow masonry units such as jumbo brick are harclly proof against this kinc!
|
From page 112... ...
9. Tailor the mortar to be used to the type and the characteristics of the masonry units selected.
|
From page 113... ...
We can unequivocalIv state that n~a essentially, that tooling nest be done at the sorb walls clo constitute very satisfactory en J J ~ right tinge. Mortar which has not set sum- closures forindustrialbuiTclings when correctly ciently will shrink away front brick surfaces engineered ancT constructed.
|
From page 115... ...
He is a Bachelor of Civil Engineering from the University of Michigan and ~ newer of the Charles A Peters Public Buildings Service General Services Administration:, Washington, D
|
From page 116... ...
"Public Buildings Service should not experiment with any particular type of construction but shouIcT use proven materials to assure n~inin~un~ operational and maintenance costs." 116 EXTERIOR WALLSDESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION When selecting the materials for exterior walls one thinks in terns of durability, appearance, weather-tightness, unit cost of n~aterial in place, and Tow maintenance cost. There are other factors that are important to the architect, possibIv classed loosely as the aesthetic requirements, but to those responsible for maintenance and operation, n~aterials requiring minimum maintenance are ideal.
|
From page 117... ...
Glass in the form of panels or blocks is not a n~aterial that has been used to any extent for the exterior treatment of public buildings. EXTERIOR WALLS MAINTENANCE Maintenance problems that have concerned us in connection with exterior stonework have been widespread geographically.
|
From page 118... ...
An example of this problem occurrec! in tee Seattle Court House where the exterior terra cotta facing of the building has been seriously cian~agecI, water getting in through the parapet due to inadequate flashing ancT counterflashing.
|
From page 119... ...
Glass block and glass panels are clesirable in songs locations because of low maintenance and cleanability. The sense is true of terra cotta for floor surfaces and for decorative treatment in corridors, lobbies, auditorinn~s, and public areas.
|
From page 120... ...
The architects that design Federal buildings are aware of Ellis widen they create their design. It does not mean the absence of progressive construction or ignoring new concepts in clesign, but it does mean tl~e use of the building materials that leave withstood the test of time in public buildings.
|
From page 121... ...
It seems that there are no ciata that T have ever seen that have set up the results or that have graphically set up the results of moisture absorption or expansion frown ther MR. REYNOLDS: The next question is to neat changes.
|
From page 122... ...
~ think that masonry units having a Tow moisture absorption characteristic could very well use that type of material. However, when the absorption rates become higher, we neec!
|
From page 123... ...
And that was the reason for the plate that you saw, which was fastened only on one side. It kept out the three-quarters of an inch wide as a minimum- rain and the sun and would make tile old type maybe a little bit more, depending on the of co~npoundlast tl~atn~uch longer.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.