Industry-Laboratory Partnerships A Review of the Sandia Science and Technology Park Initiative (1999) / Chapter Skim
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B. Overheads on the Research Triangle Experience
B. Overheads on the Research Triangle Experience
Pages 92-101
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From page 92... ...
Annex B Overheads on the Research Triangle Experience Prof Michael Luger THE ROLE OF S&T PARKS: The Research Triangle Experience with Lessons for Sanclia Presentation at NRC Symposium on Industry-Laboratory Partnerships: The Role of S&T Parks April 22, 1998 Prof Michael Luger University of North Caroiina at Chapei Hiii 92
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From page 93... ...
" IV. The RTP phenomenon The rest of the world further lessons Basis for remarks · 1991 book on US parks, including case study of RTP · Subsequent work on S&T parks and S&T policy in US, Europe, and Asia · Subsequent work on the role of universities and research centers/labs in regional economic development · Economic studies of Research Triangle; most recently, At the Crossroads: North Carolina's Place in the Knowledge Economy of the 21st Century
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From page 94... ...
parks in the US Type of park °/O in °/O in S °/O in W °/O with °/O with NE and and NW access to infra MA university structure Fast growing 42 29 12 88 76 Growing 10 30 24 80 80 Stagnant 25 33 33 58 33 Declining 67 67 33 Early parks, no data 30 38 15 77 62 Later parks, no data 18 25 21 Newcomers 35 34 9 66 59 No longer perk 25 25 25 Not located 27 40 13 Skipped in 1989 44 17 22
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From page 95... ...
· medical research · biomedical · information technology · software · environmental · health/medical/ pharmaceutical · semiconductor/advanced materials What makes parks "successful? " ~ "Success" is a normative concept; can be defined in several ways: · as a real estate project · in terms of "policy effectiveness" (outcomes vs.
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From page 96... ...
/, in brief Our 1991 study used net induced job creation in the region as measure of success; outcomes varied among parks Research Park Success Indicators | YEAR DIFFERENCE NAME OF PARK LOCATION ESTABLISHED (%) Ada Research Park Ada, OK 1960 -0.02 Ann Arbor Technology Park Ann Arbor, Ml 1983 -1.49 Arizona State University Research Park Tempe, AZ 1984 -0.17 Carolina Research Park Columbia, SC 1983 -0.16 Central Florida Research Park Orlando, FL 1979 0.72 Charleston Research Park Charleston, SC 1984 -1.20 Chicago Technology Park Chicago, IL 1984 1.65 Clemson Research Park Clemson, SC 1984 0.38 Connecticut Technology Park Storrs, CT 1982 3.18 Cornell Research Park Ithaca, NY 1951 9.48 Cummings Research Park Huntsville, AL 1962 0.40 Engineering Research Center Fayetteville, AR 1980 0.02 Great Valley Corporate Center Malvern, PA 1974 0.08 Innovation Center and Research Park Athens, OH 1978 1.94 Interstate Business Park Tampa, FL 1983 -1.05 Johns Hopkins University Research Park Baltimore, MD 1984 -0.64 Langley Research & Development Park Newport News, VA 1966 -8.80 Maryland Science and Technology Center Adelphi, MD 1982 1.44 Massachusetts Biotechnology Research Park Worcester, MA 1984 3.48 Miami Valley Research Park Kettering, OH 1981 0.11 Morgantown Industrial & Research Park Morgantown, WV 1973 0.24 RTP DIFFERENCE is 4.45, DIFFERENCE is employment growth in park region minus employment growth in control counties after park opens.
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From page 97... ...
OVERHEADS ON THE RESEARCH TRIANGLE EXPERIENCE 97 What makes parks "successful? " Regression analysis of 70 parks (DIFF on explanatory variables and a hazards models, and case studies of 3 parks (RTP, Stanford, UtahJ indicated the following common success factors: - parks had marketing and development strategy appropriate for region's resources and culture - parks provided services/infrastructure consistent with tenants' needs - park businesses and nearby university connected in meaningful ways - there was visionary leadership and cooperation there were deep pockets and patience - there was good timing and good luck The Research Triangle phenomenon · The region in 1 959/early 1 960s traditional, low wage manufacturing - universities were regional severe brain drain as a consequence strategic location at doorstep of "new south" large tracts of centrally located land enlightened leaders from government and business: Sanford, Hodges, Guess
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From page 98... ...
jobs created via spending multiplier from induced jobs in the park jobs created in businesses that provide goods and services to induced businesses in the park jobs in companies spun off from park businesses, and through that multiplier We did not count jobs in businesses that moved to region not to be in park, but because of reputation of region, due to park
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From page 99... ...
Unsurprisingly, the state's three largest research universities, UNC-CH, Duke, and NCSU generated almost all the spin-offs, and most were located in the Research Triangle area. Spin-off/start-up activity from industry comes from high-level scientists and engineers let go in restructuring...
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From page 100... ...
These countries differ widely in their /eve/e of economic development | Principles: ~ -- Knowledge + Knowledge ' Employments ~ Incomes ~ Spin-offs ~ ~ Wealth Deve jupment w:_~/ "'a, j ~ .
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From page 101... ...
Offer technical Help organizations Help organizations Help organizations assistance to help link to local uni- obtain financing for connect to appropriate solve problems varsities/institutes start-up or expansion global knowledge resources Build/operate a Provide crunch Provide marketing pilot plant space assistance Help establish Provide entrepreneurial buyer-supplier training networks Lower level of economic ~ Higher level of economic development development Lessons for Sandia With proliferation of parks, it may be difficult to achieve success in conventional terms Park may help establish region as growth pole, substituting for urbanization economies Planners need to heed lessons from successes: parks had marketing and development strategy appropriate for region's resources and culture parks provided services/infrastructure consistent with tenants' needs - there was visionary leadership and cooperation there were deep pockets and patience there was good timing and good luck
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