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Improving Surface Transportation Security A Research and Development Strategy (1999) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Background on Systems Theory
Pages 67-70

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From page 67...
... Appendices
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From page 69...
... In some ways, the successes of systems engineering and operations research during and immediately after World War II, primarily in military projects, impeded the development of a formal methodology (see Hall, 1989~. However, by the late 1950s and 1960s a number of systems thinkers had begun to define overriding methodologies rather than focusing on specific techniques (e.g., Churchman et al., 1957; Hall, 1962; Ackoff et al., 1962; and Churchman, 1968~.
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From page 70...
... Recent work has focused on extending the basic approach. Many situations, especially large defense projects, require consideration of legal and contractual issues in addition to technological evaluation (Blanchard, 1998, and DOD, 1996~.
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