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50 Years of Ocean Discovery National Science Foundation 1950-2000 (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Large and Small Science Programs: A Delicate Balance
The Great Importance of “Small” Science Programs
Pages 135-140

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From page 135...
... Large and Small Science Programs: A Delicate Balance
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From page 137...
... Rnv. Division of Ocean Sciences, National Science Foundation Any discussion of the merits of "large" versus "small" science programs (as alternative mechanisms for the organization and funding of basic research)
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From page 138...
... Lozier described clearly a number of specific contributions by individuals that have shaped our understanding of ocean dynamics today and showed how each contribution constituted one more step toward understanding each successive investigator standing on the shoulders of his or her predecessors to gain a deeper understanding of the ocean's complex processes. The earliest beginnings of physical oceanography lie in the first recorded temperature measurements of the deep ocean by British sea captain Henry Ellis in 1751, resulting in the first suggestion of a generally global feature of our oceans the thermocline that has proven surprisingly difficult to understand quantitatively.
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From page 139...
... , caused her to develop an alternative hypothesis whereby the late Cenozoic cooling was caused instead by enhanced chemical weathering and consumption of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the mountainous regions of the world, in particular the Himalayas. This controversial hypothesis remains unproven, but it stimulates much valuable debate among scientists working not only in marine geology, but also in tectonics, geomorphology, river chemistry, weathering reactions, climate, and carbon cycle modeling.
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From page 140...
... 1938. Circulation in upper waters of southern North Atlantic deduced with the use of isentropic analysis.
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Key Terms

  • ocean drilling
  • drilling program
  • support basic
  • ocean processes
  • physical oceanography

  • chemical composition
  • marine sediments
  • leading researchers
  • cenozoic cooling
  • otolith increment

  • terrigenous organic
  • marine geology
  • organic carbon
  • north atlantic
  • ocean sciences

  • susan lozier
  • population dynamics
  • increment technique
  • seafloor spreading
  • science programs

  • upper ocean
  • ocean dynamics
  • superior ability
  • isentropic analysis
  • southern north

  • dated record
  • oceanographic technology
  • perturbing ocean
  • govern progress
  • represent basic


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