50 Years of Ocean Discovery National Science Foundation 1950-2000 (2000) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Evolving Institutional Arrangements for U.S. Ocean Sciences
Evolving Institutional Arrangements for U.S. Ocean Sciences
Pages 201-206
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 201... ...
Based on this historical understanding we next discuss emerging national needs for ocean research in light of the principal factors that drive ocean science. Factors That Drive Ocean Science There are five principal factors driving ocean science: basic research, national pride, national defense, economic benefits, and environmental concerns.
|
From page 202... ...
The committee's view was less than favorable, finding the charts to be "a most wanton waste of OCEAN SCIENCES TODAY AND TOMORROW TABLE 1 Era of Early Institution Building Dates of Origin Institutions 1853 1885 1888 1892 1903 1904 California Academy of Sciences, California U.S. Fish and Wildlife Biological Lab in Woods Hole, Massachusetts Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts Hopkins Marine Station, California Scripps Institution of Oceanography, California University of Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, Washington valuable paper" that "embrace much, which is unsound in philosophy, and little that is practically useful" It recommended that they be discontinued in their current form.
|
From page 203... ...
The reports led to an effort to build up national oceanographic institutions, including enhanced facilities at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the University of Washington. The Lillie Committee also recommended the establishment of a central oceanographic research institution on the East Coast to promote research and education and to provide a place to integrate the various research activities that were being pursued by private institutions and federal agencies.
|
From page 204... ...
Ocean Research Programs, U.S.-Mexico Collaboration for Ocean Science Research, Operational Global Ocean Observing System, Fish Stock Assessment Methods, and Ecosystem Management for Sustainable Marine Fisheries. As the range of OSB committees indicates, support for oceanographic research in the 1980s began to increasingly reflect the demand and need to address a diverse range of issues and problems.
|
From page 205... ...
The 1998 International Year of the Ocean provided more opportunities to chronicle the importance of continued and increased support for ocean research, although legislation to create an ocean commission died in the final hours of the 105th Congress. The Factors Driving Ocean Science in the Future The five factors driving ocean science basic research, national pride, national defense, economic benefits, and environmental concerns continue to influence ocean research today.
|
From page 206... ...
However, budget pressures may reduce support for basic research in favor of applied science linked directly to meeting priority security concerns. Economic Benefits Despite concerns for environmental integrity and declines in the populations of many fish and other manne resources, economic opportunities in the ocean continue to drive ocean research.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.