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7 Trace Explosives Detection
Pages 41-45

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From page 41...
... Unfortunately, standards and procedures for evaluating the performance of TEDDs and TEDD operators were not available at the time of this writing. In this chapter, the panel introduces the principles of trace detection, discusses the current deployment of TEDDs, outlines a short-term test and 41 TABLE 7-1 Most Effective Techniques for Sampling Explosives for TEDDs Explosive Technique RDX PETN TNT EGDN OMNT PMNT DMNB NG Wiping Wiping Wiping Vapor detection Vapor detection Vapor detection Vapor detection None known evaluation program, and suggests a course of action for developing a certification process for TEDDs and TEDD operators.
From page 42...
... , the sampling technique, and the sampler material. The ease of removing particles from a surface depends on several factors, such as the amount of explosive present, molecular and electrostatic attraction between the particle and the surface, adsorbed surface films, particle size and shape, degree of particle agglomeration, surface roughness, and the duration of contact.
From page 43...
... Therefore, it is almost impossible to measure directly the efficacy of TEDDs in preventing actual bombing attempts, and their effectiveness can only be estimated through comprehensive testing and evaluation, which should include the steps shown in Figure 7-2. Ultimately, the improvement afforded to the overall system by TEDDs can be evaluated by their impact on the SEF.
From page 44...
... For blind tests, normal hand-carried items on which the trace threat has been deposited in a concealed manner must be used. So far, no procedures have been developed for ASSESSMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES DEPLOYED TO IMPROVE AVIATION SECURITY L:4H -- ~ placing a TEDDCS on realistic bags, for performing blind and double-blind tests with such objects, or for systematically evaluating TEDD operators in an airport environment.
From page 45...
... calibration standard (TEDDCS) based on an established threat trace amountfor measuring the capability of a TEDD to detect explosives introduced directly onto the sampler and into the instrument.


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