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4 Infrastructure
Pages 18-33

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From page 18...
... The broader field of naval architecture or ocean engineering, like that of aeronautics, has three major component subfields: fluid mechanics (including propulsion and seakeeping) , structures and materials, and stability and control.
From page 19...
... Nearly every university department of engineering, physics, or mathematics could be included as a potential performer of hydromechanics research. In the ONR tabulation, 63 of 101 projects were
From page 20...
... publications devoted to hydromechanics research: the Journal of Ship Research, published by the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) , and the Proceedings of the International Workshop on Water Waves and Floating Bodies.
From page 21...
... TABLE 4.2 Hydromechanics Articles Published in the Proceedings of the International Workshop on Water Waves and Floating Bodies, 1986-1999 Yeara Totalb u.s.c % U.S.
From page 22...
... a ~ 1 998) b Marine sciences NA NA NA 18 Naval architecture and marine engineering 329 29 7 NA Ocean engineering 167 112 30 29 Oceanography 185 142 105 94 aU.S.
From page 23...
... In comparing the data of Tables 4.3 and 4.4 and in drawing conclusions from them, it might be noted that none of the students who were supported by ONR in FY99 were registered in naval architecture departments, so none will get degrees in naval architecture. At the undergraduate level there are substantial degree programs in naval architecture and marine engineering at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, the University of New Orleans, and the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture.
From page 24...
... In the United States there is one comprehensive Navy Department laboratory, NSWCCD, with towing tank and water tunnel facilities capable of testing the large-scale models needed in many types of naval studies. Several universities have towing tanks and water tunnels, but except for the tunnels at Pennsylvania State University and the medium-sized towing tank at the University of Michigan, the facilities are small and devoted primarily to teaching and graduate student research.
From page 25...
... Notable installations, comparable in importance and competence to NSWCCD, are the Maritime Research Institute of the Netherlands (MARINE, the Hamburg ship model basin, the Danish Model Basin in Copenhagen, the
From page 26...
... All began as ship-testing laboratories devoted principally to the commercial shipbuilding industry, and all have broadened their operations to accommodate the needs of the offshore oil industry. One large European facility, the British National Maritime Institute, at Feltham, was shut down a few years ago, with the relatively new, large-scale model testing tanks being demolished and the land converted to other uses.
From page 27...
... programs and/or in funded R&D by Navy Department laboratories. Much of this research is focused on hull form development using computational fluid dynamics tools and signature reduction.
From page 28...
... Commercial marine hydromechanics research aimed at the commercial shipbuilding and operating market is almost nonexistent in the United States. This has been the case almost continuously for the past 50 years, and certainly since the cessation of commercial shipbuilding subsidies in the mid-1970s.
From page 29...
... research has a more fundamental orientation while Japanese research is more practical. In computational fluid dynamics, for example, the United States has a greater emphasis on turbulence modeling and validation, while the Japanese have advanced further in the prediction of transverse and maneuvering forces, including the simulation, for example, of the response to rudder motions.
From page 30...
... SCOPE, DEGREE, AND STABILITY OF NON-NAVY ACTIVITIES IN KEY TECHNOLOGIES Historically, fluid mechanics research at ONR has enjoyed a productive partnership with other agencies and military services. The principal members of this partnership with ONR were the NASA Aeronautics Program (and its predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)
From page 31...
... As discussed previously, the Department of the Navy transferred more ship design responsibility to the shipbuilding industry as part of Acquisition Reform in the mid-199Os. Industry-government teams were formed to solve short-term design problems, but long-term hydromechanics research is beyond the scope of these teams.
From page 32...
... The severe consequences of the current environment are obvious from a macroview of agency resource trends in fluid mechanics research: · According to the resources director of NASA' s Aeronautics and Space Transportation Technology Enterprise, the NASA aeronautics base R&T budget and investments in numerical aerodynamic simulation have decreased in constant dollars by 17 percent since 1989 and by 28 percent from their neak in 1993.2 Greater emphasis on information science. safety research.
From page 33...
... It must develop a strategy and sustainable investment plan to independently ensure its future technology and design capabilities in this area. SCOPE OF NAVY RESPONSIBILITY FOR HYDROMECHANICS RESEARCH There is a growing requirement for greater stealth, speed, and littoral operations capabilities for planned and future naval surface and subsurface vehicles as well as underwater weapons and sensor platforms.


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