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From page 230...
... , 44, 123 South Pole Submillimeter-wave Telescope (SPST) , 10, 13, 33, 37, 43, 54, 75, 98, 128-129, 131 Apache Point, 140 Arecibo telescope, 125-126 ARISE, see Advanced Radio Interferometry between Space and Earth AST, see Advanced Solar Telescope; Division of Astronomical Sciences Asteroids, see Comets and asteroids; NearEarth objects Astro-E, 118 Astrometric Interferometry Mission, see Space Interferometry Mission Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 142, 145, 160, 164, 166-167, 169, 173, 202 Astrophysics Theory Program (NASA)
From page 231...
... , 13, 20, 40, 73, 74, 75, 120-121, 194, 198 Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment, 13, 40, 83, 120 Computer technology, xvii, 15, 21, 46, 107, 108, 140, 156-157 astronomy's contribution to industry, 150-153 (passim) funding, 5, 24-25, 178, 179 laboratory astrophysics and, 134 National Virtual Observatory, 10, 12, 14, 33, 34, 37, 39, 44, 132-133 numerical simulation, 7, 29, 106, 116, 152-153 professional education, 171, 172 theoretical applications, 7, 29 231
From page 232...
... , 5, 20, 24, 43, 54, 89, 129, 131 redshifts, 12, 19, 36,38, 39, 75, 77, 78, 83,86,88, 100 Cost factors, 5, 7, 9, 14-15, 22, 25, 34, 45-46, 182, 186-188, 194-195 balloon programs, 14, 33, 45, 135 centimeter wavelength astronomy, 127 Explorer program, 28 Hubble Space Telescope, 5, 24 international collaboration, 8, 30-31 large telescopes, general, 103 numerical simulation, 7 prioritized initiatives described, 9, 11, 14-15, 34-36,38-44 (passim) prioritized initiatives, list of, 10, 33, 37 see also Funding Cross-disciplinary approaches, see Interdisciplinary approaches Cryogenic Dark Matter Search II, 94, 124 Cryogenics, 36, 44, 46, 93, 100-101, 102, 110, 111, 112, 123, 124, 149 D Dark matter and energy, 3, 8, 12, 15, 32, 39, 43-44, 53, 73, 77, 86-87, 91-94, 107, 124, 127, 155 anions, 94, 124 see also Black holes Darwin mission, 31 Data exploration, xvii, 107, 153, 156-157 National Virtual Observatory, 10, 12, 14, 33, 34, 37, 39, 44, 132-133 Decade ofDiscoveryin Astronomy and Astrophysics, The ("1991 survey")
From page 233...
... , 28, 113 Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Explorer, 113 FASR, see Frequency Agile Solar Radio telescope FCRAO, see Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory Federal Funding of Astronomical Research, xvi, xvii, 21, 133, 203 Federal government program coordination, 7-8, 15, 27-28, 29-30, 181 - 183, 204-205 public education initiatives, 15, 48, 160 see also Congress of the United States; Funding; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Office of Management and Budget; specific departments Fellowships, see Postdoctoral fellowships FIRST, see European Far Infrared Space Telescope Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO) , 130 Fly's Eye telescope, 85, 123, 217 Foreign countries, see International perspectives; terms beginning European; specific countries France, 125 Frequency Agile Solar Radio telescope (FASR)
From page 234...
... , 8, 10, 13,31, 33,37,40,42,54,73,83,98, 119121, 195 Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) , 10, 13, 33, 37,42, 83, 98, 120 Whipple Observatory, 120, 140 Gamma-ray bursts, 19, 40, 42, 72-73, 74-75, 76, 85, 107, 109, 117, 120, 121, 122, 123 GET, see Green Bank Telescope Gemini optical-infrared telescopes, 20, 30, 101, 103, 118, 178, 180, 181, 183, 184 Germany, 101, 109, 125, 130 Giant planets, 3, 19, 54, 55, 57, 58, 61, 62, 106 Giant Segmented Mirror Telescope (GSMT)
From page 235...
... , 44, 123 Fly's Eye, 85, 123 Ice Cube experiment, 44, 123 private sector, general, 6, 27, 39-40, 101, 108, 127, 182, 183 university facilities, 6, 26-27,39-40, 181, 183, 188, 189, 190, 191 see also Infrared astronomy, ground based; Laboratory astrophysics; National Science Foundation; Optical astronomy, ground based; Radio astronomy, ground based; Ultraviolet astronomy, ground-based GSMT, see Giant Segmented Mirror Telescope H HALCA, 127 Hands-on Astrophysics, 143 Human factors, xv, 21, 23, 139, 158, 160, 178 practical contributions to society, 146158 see also Organizational and institutional factors; Professional education; Public education and outreach 1 Ice Cube experiment, 44, 123 Image analysis, 101, 143, 151, 152-153, 156157, 172 India, 125 Informal Science Education program, 164 Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) , 28 Infrared astronomy, general, 96-99, 149 defined, 218 galactic evolution, 75 Infrared astronomy, ground-based, xvii, 6, 15, 76-77, 110-111, 182, 183, 189 Advanced Solar Telescope (AST)
From page 236...
... , 130, 131 Institutional factors, see Organizational and institutional factors; Professional societies; Universities and colleges Intelligence, extraterrestrial, see Search for extraterrestrial intelligence Interdisciplinary approaches, 4, 6, 18, 154158, 193 federal agency coordination, 7-8, 27-28, 30, 181-182 Interferometry, 4, 15, 46, 99, 110-111, 126, 151-152 Advanced Radio Interferometry between Space and Earth (ARISE) , 10, 14,33, 37, 42, 54, 81, 83, 98, 127, 195 defined, 218 Expanded Very Large Array (EVLA)
From page 237...
... , 122, 124, 127, 134, 135, 153, 155 Advanced Solar Telescope (AST) , 8, 10, 13, 31,33, 37, 41, 45, 54, 66, 68, 98, 114-116 Magnetohydrodynamics, 116, 119, 153 defined, 219 MAP, see Microwave Anisotropy Probe Mars, 109, 153 Mass media, 141-142, 163 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 200 Massive compact halo objects (MACHOs)
From page 238...
... , 101 Museums and planetariums, 140-141, 143, 163-164 N NAIC, see National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center National Aeronautics and Space Administration, xvi, 6, 7, 8, 22, 58, 178, 201, 203, 204-205 Advanced Radio Interferometry between Space and Earth (ARISE) , 10, 14,33, 37, 42, 54, 81, 83, 98, 127, 195 balloon programs, 5, 14, 24, 33, 43, 45, 89, 90, 129, 195 Ultralong-Duration Balloon (IJLDB)
From page 239...
... , 6, 20, 21, 27, 143, 151, 179, 181, 183-184 National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) , 6, 26, 151, 179-180, 181, 184 National science education standards, 142143 National Science Foundation, xvi, xvii, 5, 6, 20, 108, 201, 203 Advanced Solar Telescope (AST)
From page 240...
... ,8, 9,10,11,12,31,33,35-39 (passim) , 54, 57, 72, 76-78, 83, 85, 87, 97, 100-102, 104, 106, 110, 112 NOAO, see National Optical Astronomy Observatories Nobeyama Radioheliograph, 115, 130, 131 Northern Hemisphere Auger project, 44 NRAO, see National Radio Astronomy Observatory NSO, see National Solar Observatory Nuclear physics, xvii, 27-28, 38, 155, 193, 195, 205 Numerical simulation, 7, 29, 106, 116, 152153 to Office of Management and Budget, 22 Office of Science and Technology Policy, 8, 30 One Hectare Telescope, 127 Optical astronomy, general, 96-99, 148-149, 179 defined, 220 Optical astronomy, ground-based, xvii, 6, 11-12, 39-40, 76, 113, 180, 181, 182, 183, 189, 204 Advanced Solar Telescope (AST)
From page 241...
... , 9, 10, 12, 31,33,35,37,39,45,54,57,97, 110-112 terrestrial planets, other, 3, 9, 10, 12, 20, 31, 33,35, 37,39, 45, 54, 55, 138 see also Solar systems; specific planets Plasma physics, 27-28, 41, 80, 134, 153, 155 solar, 114 Poland, 101 Pollution, see Environmental pollution Postdoctoral fellowships, 5, 14, 25, 26, 33, 34, 44, 133, 172, 198, 199, 200 Private sector, xv-xvi, 197 ground-based astronomy, 6, 27, 39-40, 101, 108, 127, 182, 183 Professional education, 4, 9, 48, 132, 160, 162, 170-174, 178, 181, 194-195, 197-203 computer technology, 171, 172 elementary and secondary teachers, 4, 15, 48, 54, 138-143 (passim) , 160, 164, 165, 167, 169, 175, 202 funding, 5, 15, 25-26 see also postdoctoral fellowships r Myra minorities, 200-201 NASA, 33, 44, 133, 198-199 NSF, 160, 162-163, 175, 181, 198, 200 National Astrophysical Theory Postdoctoral Program (NASA!
From page 242...
... , 8, 10, 11,31,33,37,38,54,78,83, 85, 97, 125, 126, 127 Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO) , 130 Frequency Agile Solar Radio telescope (FASR)
From page 243...
... , 131- 132 Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet, 19, 61, 62, 142 SIM, see Space Interferometry Mission Single Aperture Far Infrared Observatory (SAFIR) , 9, 10, 33, 35, 37, 39, 54, 75, 83, 85, 97, 109-110 SIRTF, see Space Infrared Telescope Facility SKA, see Square Kilometer Array Sloan Digital Sky Survey, 88, 132 SMA, see Submillimeter Array SOFIA, see Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)
From page 244...
... , 8, 10, 26, 31, 33,37, 41, 46, 54, 78, 125, 127, 132, 189 Starbursts and starburst galaxies, 39, 73, 8485, 110, 112, 126 defined, 221 Stars, 2, 3, 10, 11, 63-73, 117 brown dwarfs, 19, 20, 63, 109 evolution, 40-41, 52, 63, 68-73, 107, 117, 134; see also Black holes; Supernovae formation, 3, 8, 11, 18,32, 36,38, 52, 53, 54, 57, 63-66, 68, 75, 76-77, 78, 83, 100, 102, 104, 106, 109, 112, 113, 127, 128; see also Protoplanetary disks gravitational tensing, 12, 19, 39, 55, 5657, 93-94, 127, 217 late stages stellar evolution, 3 neutron stars, 38, 42, 55, 68, 70, 72, 73, 76, 117-118, 121-122, 155, 156 pulsars, 42, 155 quasars, 11, 20,38, 77, 80, 126, 220 gravitational tensing, 12, 19, 39, 55, 56-57, 93-94, 127, 217 red giants, 68-69 white dwarf binaries, 40-41, 68, 72, 117 see also Black holes; Galaxies; Interstellar and intergalactic media and processes; Solar astronomy; Supernovae STEREO, see Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory Strategic Defense Initiative, 149 Strategy for Ground-based Optical and Infrared Astronomy, A, 108 Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) , 24, 54, 100, 109, 110 STScI, see Space Telescope Science Institute Subaru telescope, 101, 206 (n.l)
From page 245...
... , 9, 10, 12, 31,33,35,37,39,45,54,57,97, 110-112 Terrestrial planets, 3, 9, 10, 12, 20, 31, 33, 35, 37,39, 45, 54, 55, 138 see also Earth; Extraterrestrial life Theory, 14, 19, 106, 133-134, 155 black holes, 19, 120, 122, 126 comets and asteroids, 108 computer technology, 7, 29 cosmological constant, 87 dust in the universe, 110 funding, 5, 7, 25, 29, 133-134, 187-188 galaxy formation and evolution, 106, 126, 127 gamma rays, 19 general framework, xv, xvii, 3, 7, 28-29, 33, 53, 96 giant planets, 57 massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) , 93 NASA's Astrophysics Theory Program, 14 National Astrophysical Theory Postdoctoral Program CEASE/ NSF)
From page 246...
... , 14, 81, 84, 125, 126, 127 W Weather, see Climate and weather, planetary; Space weather WFC3, see Wide Field Camera 3 Whipple Observatory, 120, 140 White dwarves, 40-41, 68, 72, 117 Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) , 103 WIMP, see Neutralinos Women scientists, professional development, 199-200 World Wide Web, see Internet X X-ray astronomy, 10, 11, 15, 46, 67, 75, 80, 117-118, 148, 149, 150 Astro-E, 118 Chandra X-ray Observatory, 20, 70, 71, 118, 194, 198 Constellation-X Observatory, 10, 11, 33, 37, 38, 53, 54, 72, 75-76, 80, 83, 85, 89, 91, 97, 118-119 defined, 222 Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope (EXIST)


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