Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals (2000) / Chapter Skim
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7 Magnesium Hydroxide
7 Magnesium Hydroxide
Pages 131-148
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From page 131... ...
2, is one of a number of inorganic compounds that has been used as a flame retardant (FR) in furniture upholstery.
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Mg(OH) 2 is used as an FR in commercial furniture applications in the United States and in commercial and residential furniture in the United Kingdom (Fire Retardant Chemicals Association 1998~.
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~ 998~. In that study, six healthy males were administered a single oral dose of 360 mg of 26Mg2+ as magnesium lactate or citrate and absorption of Mg2+ over 5 ~ was found to be 34.5°/O t IS.~°/O and 39.~°/O ~
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Absorption of Mg2+ was 25.6% 34.5%; this estimate was based on fecal excretion. Distribution Dermal and Inhalation No studies were found that investigated distribution of Mg2+ cations following dermal or inhalation exposure of humans or experimental animals to Mg(OH)
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These include MgCT2, magnesium lactate, and magnesium citrate. Dermal Exposure No studies were found on the toxic effects of Mg(OH)
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1994~. A year after cessation of exposure, histopathological examination of treated animals revealed a slight increase in segmental calcification of the pulmonary artery and thickening of the lung pleura in rats exposed to either short or long filaments for 4 wk or ~ yr.
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Five of 50 pregnant women developed adverse gastrointestinal effects (nau2A tolerable upper intake level is the maximal total chronic daily intake of a nutrient or food component that is unlikely to pose risks of adverse effects.
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2 are summarized in Table 7-2. Decreased body weight was found to be the critical effect in B6C3FT mice fed diets containing 0°/O, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.25%, 2.5% or 5% MgCI2 · 6H2O for 13 wk (Tanaka et al.
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From page 139... ...
139 Cal sit Pa o 6> · o .
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or female mice fed diets that contained 0.5°/O of MgCI2 · 6H2O (87 mg/kg-~)
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Toxicity in female mice (i.e., decreased body weight) suggests that the study was conducted at or near the maximum tolerated dose (MTD)
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From page 142... ...
2. Inhalation RfC One study investigated the chronic toxicity of manufactured mineral filaments that contain Mg(OH)
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From page 143... ...
was used as the best estimate of the internal dose for dermal exposure. Dividing the exposure level by the oral RfD yields a hazard index of 1.4 x 10-4.
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From page 144... ...
~N - ,~ Division of the time-average exposure concentration of 0.38 ,ug/m3 by the provisional inhalation RfC of 42 mg/m3 results in a hazard index of 9.1 x lo-6. This ratio suggests that under the worst-case human-exposure assumptions, Mg(OH)
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The subcommittee is not aware of any recommended exposure limits for Mg(OH) 2 DATA GAPS AND RESEARCH NEEDS There are inadequate subchronic or chronic toxicity data from dermal or inhalation exposure to Mg(OH)
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1993. Effects of long-term oral magnesium chloride replacement in congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease.
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51~7~:492-499. HSDB (Hazardous Substances Data Bank)
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From page 148... ...
Mori.1993. Inhibitory effects of magnesium hydroxide on c-myc expression and cell proliferation induced by methalazoxymethanol acetate in rat colon.
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