Methyl Bromide Risk Characterization in California (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-7
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Because of concern for potential adverse health effects, in 1999 DPR developed a draft risk characterization document for inhalation exposure to methyl bromide. The DPR document is intended to support new regulations regarding the agricultural use of this pesticide.
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The subcommittee was asked to review the data, determine the appropriateness of the critical studies, consider the mode of action of methyl bromide and its implications in risk assessment, determine the appropriateness of the exposure assessment and the mathematical models, and identify data gaps and make recommendations for further research. THE SUBCOMMITTEE'S EVALUATION The 1999 risk characterization document prepared by DPR is a revision of a 1992 preliminary risk assessment that addressed acute inhalation exposure of residents reentering fumigated homes.
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4A reference concentration is an estimate of the concentration of a substance that is unlikely to cause noncancer health effects in humans during a lifetime. It is used by DPR as a regulatory value for establishing buffer zones to protect residents from adverse effects of methyl bromide exposure.
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The developmental and reproductive effects of methyl bromide should be further investigated to determine whether it is a direct-acting reproductive toxicant or a developmental toxicant to the reproductive system, whether methyl bromide is excreted in breast milk, and whether the gallbladder agenesis seen in offspring occurs following a single exposure during a critical period of development. Neurological testing of workers should be conducted to determine possible long-term or permanent effects following occupational exposure to methyl bromide.
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The DPR report fails to address several exposure scenarios, including exposures of residents living near fumigated fields and increased exposures of residents and workers resulting from methyl bromide treatment of several agricultural fields simultaneously or consecutively. In addition, the subcommittee concludes that there is considerable uncertainty concerning the analytical recovery methods used in the exposure assessment studies.
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DPR compared the human equivalent NOAEL determined from the available animal toxicity data with the anticipated or measured exposures of agricultural workers and residents located near fumigated fields and those entering fumigated homes. The subcommittee found the MOE approach to be generally acceptable for determining which workers and residents are likely to be exposed to potentially harmfu!
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· DPR should be more explicit in linking its MOE analysis to the development of regulatory levels and should indicate how its regulatory goals will be met by its risk characterization.
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