Network-Centric Naval Forces A Transition Strategy for Enhancing Operational Capabilities (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C System Requirements to Hit Moving Targets
Appendix C System Requirements to Hit Moving Targets
Pages 384-403
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From page 384... ...
An important specific case is a high-value target such as a missile transporter-erector-launcher that is usually hidden when stationary and therefore vulnerable to attack only when on the move. The committee conducted an example analysis to accomplish the following: · Quantify requirements on various concepts for end-to-end systems to hit moving surface targets, considering a range of realistic environments and target behavior; · Explore trade-offs in how to balance the burden of performance among system elements; and · Examine how networking concepts can be employed to achieve system requirements.
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From page 385... ...
Central to the analysis are the models for target tracking and target reacquisition by the weapon or weapon launch platform. Figures C.1 and C.2 show the methodology for system requirements to kill moving targets.
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From page 386... ...
the search finds the intended target before a false contact is misclassified as the target. The probability of satisfying these two conditions depends critically on the target location prediction accuracy.
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From page 387... ...
Figures C.3 and C.4 present system requirements for the conceptual weapon or launch platform that carries a complex sensor for target reacquisition. Figure
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From page 388... ...
FIGURE C.3 System requirements to hit moving targets, given a complex sensor for reacquisition and a light background.
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From page 389... ...
FIGURE C.4 System requirements to hit moving targets, given a complex sensor for reacquisition and a dense background.
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From page 390... ...
If the launch platform with complex sensor is capable of rejecting false contacts 80 percent of the time, it requires a report every 75 s if accurate to 500 ft and less than 5 s late. C.3 SIMPLE SEEKER FOR REACQUISITION A possible concept involving a simple seeker for target reacquisition is a future cruise missile with targeting data link and multiple submunition packages so that the cost of a cruise missile is offset by multiple target kills.
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From page 391... ...
Among wide area surveillance platforms, the Air Force's Joint Surveillance and Target Attack Radar System (JSTARS) aircraft employs these techniques today, and the high-altitude, long-endurance unmanned air vehicle Global Hawk is planned to incorporate them in the future.
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From page 392... ...
FIGURE C.S System requirements to hit moving targets, given a simple seeker for reacquisition and a light background.
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From page 393... ...
(d) Sensitivity to probability of rejecting false contact FIGURE C.6 System requirements to hit moving targets, given a simple seeker for reacquisition and a dense background.
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From page 394... ...
. FIGURE C.7 System requirements to hit moving targets; no reacquisition.
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From page 395... ...
C.6 EXPLORATION OF TRADE-OFFS Given the capabilities of the JSTARS aircraft, and assuming that the capabilities of other future airborne and spaceborne systems will be similar, one can compare the three weapon concepts and draw some conclusions about them. First, the requirements to target the weapon with simple seeker are not onerous compared with those to target a launch platform with complex sensor.
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From page 396... ...
The targeting data can be put into a common navigational coordinate system by communicating among all targeting and weapon system platforms to control the specific GPS satellites they all track. Will an effective system for hitting moving ground targets be like the cooperative engagement capability (CEC)
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From page 397... ...
A future system to hit moving ground targets will probably use one link for communicating sensor measurement data to a processing facility and another for communicating targeting data from processing facility to weapons. SAR/GMTI sensor platforms will likely use a common data link (CDL)
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From page 398... ...
In summary, the future system to hit moving targets will probably not have a sensor net like CEC. It may have decentralized processing facilities that are capable of receiving all measurement data and typically process all available data for a specific locale.
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From page 399... ...
Some degree of automatic target recognition is key. For a launch platform with a complex sensor, the committee determined targeting requirements as a function of the probability that the combination of sensor and human observer will reject false contacts, i.e., distinguish false contacts from the intended target.
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From page 400... ...
The steady component is a fixed-speed and uniformly distributed heading held constant throughout the search. The maneuver velocity is a random process with root mean square value set so that the target neither loses ground on its intended track nor moves faster than its maximum speed (most of the time)
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From page 401... ...
is the Kronecker delta function, and Ma = 26l) ~V, where ~2 iS the steady-state variance of the maneuver velocity.
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From page 402... ...
2 = (IV . This choice of parameters allows the target neither to lose ground on its intended track nor to attempt to move faster than its maximum speed (most of the time)
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From page 403... ...
. On the last iteration of the algorithm the time between updates T is replaced T = T + tD ~ where tD is the data time late, i.e., the elapsed time from measurement to receipt of update by weapon or launch platform.
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