Personnel Needs and Training for Biomedical and Behavioral Research 1985 Report (1985) / Chapter Skim
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4 Behavioral Sciences
4 Behavioral Sciences
Pages 79-104
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From page 79... ...
Concurrent with the continued expansion of the academic labor market are continuing declines in R and D funding, undergraduate enrollments, and first-year graduate enrollments. Recently, total graduate enrollments in the behavioral sciences have begun to fall.
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From page 80... ...
This disaggregation proved helpful because it enabled the identification of divergent market trends within the behavioral sciences. In the current report we carry the disaggregation one step further and divide the nonclinical fields into nonclinical psychology and other behavioral sciences.
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From page 81... ...
Clinical psychologists on postdoctoral appointments are often being trained in clinical skills; nonclinical psychologists on postdoctoral appointments are more likely to augment the pool of researchers in the behavioral sciences. In the following sections the supply and demand outlook for behavioral scientists is examined in greater detail.
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From page 82... ...
The long-term decline in enrollments is due exclusively to trends for undergraduate majors. Graduate enrollments in the behavioral sciences increased during the late 1970s and have remained stable (near 64,000)
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From page 83... ...
83 P" ·C~ .= o so U
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From page 84... ...
% of Ph.D.s without specific employment prospects at graduation 13.1% 16.3% 15.5% 16.3% 14.6% 13.1% 12.2% 15.6% 16.3% 2.8% 4.5% c. Postdoctoral appointments 398 n/a 394 n/a 527 n/a 511 n/a 302 - 4.4% - 23.1% Clinical Psychology: d.
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From page 85... ...
85 - o o o ;^ o o o Q U, q en ·C)
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From page 86... ...
Other Behavioral Science Enrollments Total graduate and undergraduate enrollments in behavioral science disciplines other than psychology have declined steadily since 1975. The rate of decline in recent years is only slightly smaller than the average decline over the entire period (Table 4.3, line 4a)
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From page 87... ...
degrees. In other words, one would expect that for fields with heavy service loads: where: CEi ~ BAi GET BAT CEi = course enrollments in field i CET = total course enrollments in all fields BAi = B.A.
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From page 88... ...
88 OD .~ · · C5 ~ 3 V, ·_ A ._ en C)
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From page 89... ...
. The number of new Ph.D.s in clinical psychology rose by 4.8 percent in 1983; the rate of increase for nonclinical psychology Ph.D.s was only slightly lower (4.6 percent)
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From page 90... ...
Only Ph.D. recipients are included in the present discussion of trends in the behavioral sciences.
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From page 91... ...
As was the case with graduate enrollments and Ph.D. production, the greatest growth in postdoctoral appointments is found in clinical psychology (Figure 4.31.
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From page 92... ...
By 1983, there were more clinical than nonclinical psychologists holding postdoctoral appointments, a reversal of the 1975 pattern. In the other behavioral sciences, the number of postdoctoral appointments rose sharply during the 1981-83 period while the number of new Ph.D.s declined.
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From page 93... ...
. Academic employment of behavioral scientists rose 2.7 percent in 1983.
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From page 94... ...
Fewer persons were employed by government and nonprofit corporations and (like nonclinical psychologists) unemployment rose in 1983 for other behavioral scientists.
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From page 95... ...
faculty/student ratio, 1964-81. See Appendix Table C16.
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From page 96... ...
This would also serve to increase the proportion of faculty members with Ph.D.s. Graduate Enrollment Trends Behavioral science graduate enrollments have only recently begun to decline after growing steadily throughout the 1970s.
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From page 97... ...
b Includes psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and speech pathologists/audiologists. c Obtained by subtracting number of Ph.D.s from total behavioral scientists employed in colleges and universities.
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From page 98... ...
The growing importance of graduate education in the behavioral sciences, and its more intensive demands on faculty time, can also be seen as a contributing factor. THE MARKET OUTLOOK Projections of Academic Demand for Behavioral Ph.D.s The number of behavioral science Ph.D.s employed in the academic sector from 1962 to 1983 forms a typical growth pattern -- rapidly increasing in the early stages and slowly increasing in the later ones {Figure 4.6~.
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From page 99... ...
Total behavioral science Ph.D.s employed in academia in 1983: 29,776 2. Entering academic employment in the behavioral sciences each year from: % of Total N Accessions a.
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From page 100... ...
n positions, and other attrition would add another demand expected under thrum ~c:~mnt-;^nc: ; c: 1 Clan ESTIMATING PREDOCTORAL AND POSTDOCTORAL SUPPORT LEVELS UNDER NRSA PROGRAMS The next step in our quantitative analysis of the market is to attempt to translate the projections of academic demand into recommended levels of postdoctoral training under NRSA programs. This step requires certain additional assumptions about how the system has functioned in recent years with regard to postdoctoral training and its sources of support.
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From page 101... ...
Total vacancies filled by individuals with postdoctoral research training annual average:C 3. Size of behavioral science postdoctoral pool annual average Size needed to meet academic demand assuming a 2-yr.
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From page 102... ...
The bestguess assumptions yield a range of 460-800 postdoctoral trainees in the behavioral sciences. Predoctoral Training Levels This analysis of the training system may also be extended to graduate education in the behavioral sciences and the level of predoctoral support under NRSA programs.
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From page 103... ...
Judging from the age distribution of the faculty, attrition due to death, retirement, and other reasons is expected to accelerate toward the end of this decade. A portion of the vacancies created by expansion and replacement should be filled by behavioral scientists with some postdoctoral training experience.
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From page 104... ...
The committee's last recommendations for postdoctoral training in the behavioral sciences were for 440 trainees in 1985, rising to 540 in 1987. to maintain the current structure of the system, a number of predoctoral awards should be provided.
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