Illuminating the Hidden Planet The Future of Seafloor Observatory Science (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Introduction
Introduction
Pages 15-24
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From page 15... ...
Recent oceanographic research has demonstrated that to understand the complex interaction of the various ocean systems, long-term time-series measurements of critical oceanographic parameters are needed to supplement traditional seagoing investigations (NRC, 1999~. The more traditional method of investigating components of the ocean environment in isolation must be incorporated into a more holistic approach.
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From page 16... ...
The combination of location within the oceanic sound channel and the sensitivity of large-aperture hydrophore arrays allows the system to detect radiated acoustic power of less than a watt at ranges of several hundred kilometers. SOSUS is an important tool for both continuous monitoring of low-level seismicity around the northeast Pacific Ocean and real-time detection of volcanic activity along the northeast Pacific spreading centers, and has provided a useful means to track whale migrations (Plate I)
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INTRODUCTION FIGURE 1-1 Schematic drawing of a standard ATLAS mooring (PMEL, 1999)
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ILLUMINATING THE HIDDEN PLANET FIGURE 1-2 Recovering an ATLAS mooring. The ATLAS buoy consists of a toroidally shaped fiberglass casing over foam with an aluminum tower and a stainless steel bridle.
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From page 19... ...
This study will assess the extent to which seafloor observatories will address future requirements for conducting multidisciplinary ocean research, and attempt to gauge the level of support for such programs within ocean science and the broader scientific community. feasible in the near future.
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study multiple interrelated processes over a range of timescales, in some cases conducting in situ perturbation experiments involving artificial modification of the natural environment to observe the effects of this modification; (b) conduct comparative studies of regional processes and spatial variability; iAPROPOS - Advances and Primary Research Opportunities in Physical Oceanography Studies 20
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Moored-buoy observatories consist of a surface buoy acting as a central instrument node with a satellite or direct radio link to shore. The surface buoy is connected to the seafloor node acoustically or via an electrical or fiber optic Nomographically - the use of changes in sound velocity to map variations in ocean structure or water mass circulation.
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During the 1990s several workshops were held outlining long-term scientific strategies for the use of observatories in geophysics research. In 1996, a subset of the convertors for these workshops met to discuss the establishment of a national seafloor observatory initiative, concentrating on geophysics, that would combine but not subsume existing individual observatory efforts.
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. GOOS is an observatory framework formally initiated by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Executive Council in 1992 in cooperation with the World Meteorological Organization, United Nations Environment Programme, and the International Council of Scientific Unions (GOOS Project 23
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. If a major network of seafloor observatories were planned in the future, to conserve resources and share common technology it will be important to develop channels for interaction between established and proposed observatory efforts.
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