Review of NASA's Biomedical Research Program (2000) / Chapter Skim
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5 Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
5 Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
Pages 33-39
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From page 33... ...
In addition to postflight orthostatic intolerance, the main CV issues of potential importance for spaceflight include in-flight aerobic Reconditioning, cardiac atrophy, cardiac arrhythmias, and long-term effects on crew member health of the CV adaptive changes induced by spaceflight. The major concerns with respect to the pulmonary system, and the main foci of pulmonary research, are adequate denitrogenation prior to extravehicular activities (EVAs)
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From page 34... ...
, NSBRI-funded university laboratories, and other university laboratories through extramural grants. The Environmental Physiology Laboratory at JSC supports studies on EVA, and studies on pulmonary function are supported through NRA and flight projects programs at extramural laboratories.
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From page 35... ...
Summit attendees should include representatives from the NSBRI, NASA operational medicine, NASA intramural investigators, the Astronaut Office, and outside experts in cardiovascular medicine and physiology. The charge of the group would be to: · Determine if cardiac arrhythmias are a significant concern and if monitoring is warranted; · Determine if cardiac atrophy is a significant concern and should be monitored; · Determine if there are pre- and in-flight predictors of orthostatic intolerance; · Determine which ground-based human and animal models best reproduce the effects of spaceflight; · Review the data and rationale for current countermeasures and suggest new countermeasures on the basis of the existing physiological data; · Determine what level of aerobic fitness should be maintained in space; and · Determine if countermeasures have been effective when used as recommended.
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From page 36... ...
The in vitro molecular and cellular studies under way should provide insight into the adaptations of the integrated CV system to spaceflight. The current balance of molecular and cellular studies versus physiological studies appears consistent with the Strategy report.
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From page 37... ...
The appropriate testing regimens and candidate countermeasures should be a focus of the Cardiovascular Summit. The development of the Countermeasure Evaluation and Validation Project Plan and Integrated Testing Regimens addresses the Strategy report recommendation to validate new countermeasures.
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From page 38... ...
The epidemiology and monitoring results are not integrated with the research program. It is recommended that a mechanism be developed to bring together representatives from the NSBRI, NASA operational medicine, NASA intramural investigators, and outside experts in cardiovascular medicine and physiology on an ongoing basis to review new data to assist in refining testing regimens and countermeasures.
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From page 39... ...
This work addresses the Strategy report recommendations to provide accurate measurements of heart rate and blood pressure. Two NRA projects involve exercise devices, and an in-suit bubble detection system is being used for intravascular bubble detection.
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