Dietary Reference Intakes Applications in Dietary Assessment (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix F: Rationale for Setting Adequate Intakes
Appendix F: Rationale for Setting Adequate Intakes
Pages 239-253
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From page 239... ...
Some AIs have been basecT on the observed mean intake of groups or subpopulations that are maintaining health and nutritional status consistent with meeting the criteria for acloquacy. However, where reliable information about these intakes was not available, or where there were conflicting ciata, other approaches were usecl.
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for Calcium Life Stage Group AI (mg/d) Basis for AI Study Pc 0-6 mo 210 Human milk content 7-12 mo 270 Human milk content + solid food 1-3 y 500 Extrapolation from AI for 4-8 y (desirable calcium retention)
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n=130 premenopausal women (white Roman Catholic nuns) ; aged 35-50 y (Heaney et al., 1977)
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Basis for AI Study Pc 51-70 y > 70y Pregnancy and lactation, <18 y Pregnancy and 1.000 lactation, 19-50 y 1,200 Desirable calcium retention, factorial, ABMD 1,200 Extrapolation from AI for 51-70 y (desirable calcium retention) , ABMD, fracture rate 1~300 Bone mineral mass Bone mineral mass Retentio 1.
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6. n=41 postmenopausal, estrogen-deprived women (white Roman Catholic nuns)
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D level a Unless noted otherwise, all studies were performed in the United States or Canada.
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2. n=90 randomly selected school students in Turkey; 41 girls, 49 boys; aged 6-17 y (Gultekin et al., 1987)
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This amount was based on the studies outlined in this table. b Unless noted otherwise, all studies were performed in the United States or Canada.
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Food and Drug Administration food consumption estimates and food analyses; calculations were done for four dietary regions in the United States (Ophaug et al., 1980a, b, 1985)
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Basis for AI Study Pc 0-6 mo 1.7 Human milk content 7-12 mo 1.8 Mean of extrapolation from AI for 0-6 mo and adult AIb 1-3 y 2 Extrapolation from adult AI 4-8 y 3 Extrapolation from adult AI 9-13 y 4 Extrapolation from adult AI 14-18 y 5 Extrapolation from adult AI, urinary 1. n=26 ~ pantothenate excretion (Missy 2.
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2. n=7,277 randomly selected British households from the U.K.
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n=140 1985) 7-12 mo 6 Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 moo 1-3 y 8 Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 mob 4-8 y 12 Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 mob 9-13 y 20 Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 mob 14-18 y 25 Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 mob Adults, all ages 30 Pregnancy, all ages 30 Lactation, all ages 35 Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 moC Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 mo Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 mo + amount of biotin secreted into milk a To extrapolate from the AI for infants ages 0-6 months to an AI for infants ages 7-12 months, the following formula is used: A17_12 mo = A10-6 mo (F)
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2. n=140 healthy, full-term infants in Finland; 4 mo lactation (Salmenpera et al., 1985)
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Basis for AI Study Pc 0-6 mo 125 Human milk content 7-12 mo 150 Extrapolation from AI for 0-6 moo 1-3 y 200 Extrapolation from adult AI 4-8 y 250 Extrapolation from adult AI 9-13 y 14-18 y, males 550 14-18 y, females 400 219 y, males 550 219 y, females 425 Pregnancy, all ages 450 Lactation, all ages 550 Extrapolation from adult AI Extrapolation from adult AI Extrapolation from adult AI Prevention of ALTb abnormalities Prevention of ALT abnormalities Prevention of ALT abnormalities + cost of pregnancy Prevention of ALT abnormalities + amount of choline secreted into milk n=16 her a To extrapolate from the AI for adults to an AI for children, the following formula is used AIchild = AIadult (F) , where F = (Weightchild/Weightadult)
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APPENDIX F 253 Study Population n=16 healthy male volunteers; aged 29 y (Zeisel et al., 1991) ost of mount
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