Biographical Memoirs Volume 78 (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Edward Vaughan Evarts
Edward Vaughan Evarts
Pages 30-43
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From page 31... ...
After an internship at Boston's Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Evarts workocl for one year with the psychoneurologist Karl LashIey at Yerkes Laboratories of Primate Biology in Orange Park, Floricia, en cl for another year at the National Hospital for Nervous Diseases in London. He completecl his postcloctoral training with a two-year residency in psychiatry at the Payne Whitney Institute in New York.
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From page 32... ...
by Hubel who recorded brain function in freely moving cats, but it was Evarts's own brilliant perfection of the method of single unit recording from the cortex of awake animals that would lead to its later widespread use. Evarts's first studies of movement control proved the utility of this methoc!
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From page 33... ...
Thus, motor cortex neurons wouIcl appear to behave similarly to spinal motor neurons in controlling muscle force by a clual mechanism of moclulation of neuronal firing rate en cl neuronal recruitment. Evarts presenter!
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S Sherrington for having recognized the neecl for recorcIing brain cell activity cluring the actual performance of behavioral tasks that critically identify dissociate en cl control the pertinent motor en cl mental variables.
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Their common goal was the direct observation of neural signals as they are correlatecl with and, by inference, generate overt behavior. The fruits of this endeavor reflected!
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From page 36... ...
to carry out a trained movement en cl its subsequent implementation. In the latter term the worcl "transcortical" implies a motor reflex arc in which the stimulus is proviclecl by neurons in cortical areas outside the motor cortex en cl the responding motor neurons are locatecl in the motor cortex.
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From page 37... ...
what Evarts referred to as a transcortical reflex. Evarts acknowlecigecl the predictions of other workers regarding the presence of neuronal activity representing transcortical gating signals in psychomotor set.
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From page 38... ...
According to him, set signals from supplementary motor, premotor, en cl ultimately from the prefrontal cortex impinge on these cells, while the go signal reaches them from the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum. Before Tong, both of these suppositions wouIcl be shown to be correct by many other workers.
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From page 39... ...
Persons who knew Edward! Evarts remember him as a tall, spare, en cl fastidious man with blue eyes that never wavered, with a creep, rich voice that was quiet, reasonable, en cl gently persuasive, en c!
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To the many for whom Edward! Evarts was a friend, he gave insightful en cl wise acivice en cl unstinting help.
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From page 41... ...
188:238-44. 1958 Neurophysiological correlates of pharmacologically induced behavioral disturbances.
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From page 42... ...
Pyramidal tract activity associated with a conditioned hand movement in the monkey.
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From page 43... ...
Reflex and intended responses in motor cortex pyramidal tract neurons.
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