National Academies Press: OpenBook

Concrete Bridge Deck Performance (2004)

Chapter: REFERENCES

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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Concrete Bridge Deck Performance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/17608.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Concrete Bridge Deck Performance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/17608.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Concrete Bridge Deck Performance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/17608.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Concrete Bridge Deck Performance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/17608.
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Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2004. Concrete Bridge Deck Performance. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/17608.
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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

38 REFERENCES AASHTO LRFD Bridge Construction Specifications, 1st ed., American Association of State Highway and Trans- portation Officials, Washington, D.C., 1998. AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, 3rd ed., American Association of State Highway and Transporta- tion Officials, Washington, D.C., 2004. AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, 17th ed., American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C., 2002. Aktan, H. and G. Fu, Investigate Causes and Develop Methods to Minimize Early-Age Cracking on Michigan Bridge Decks, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mich., 2003, 18 pp. Axon, E.O., L.T. Murray, and R.M. Rucker, “A Study of Deterioration in Concrete Bridge Decks,” Highway Re- search Record 268, Highway Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1969, pp. 80–88. Babaie, K. and A.M. Fouladgar, “Solutions to Concrete Bridge Deck Cracking,” Concrete International, Vol. 19, No. 7, July 1997, pp. 34–37. Babaie, K. and N.M. Hawkins, NCHRP Report 297: Evaluation of Bridge Deck Protective Strategies, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987, 80 pp. Balma, J., D. Darwin, J.P. Browning, and C.E. Locke, Jr., Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance of Microalloyed Rein- forcing Steel, SM Report No. 71, University of Kansas Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence, 2002, 171 pp. Beeby, A.W., “Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Its Rela- tion to Cracking,” The Structural Engineer, Vol. 56A, No. 3, 1978, pp. 77–81. “Benefits of Fly Ash in HPC,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 20, Mar./Apr. 2002, p. 3. Bergren, J.V. and B.C. Brown, An Evaluation of Concrete Bridge Deck Resurfacing in Iowa, Special Report, Iowa State Highway Commission, Ames, 1975. Bettigole, N. and R. Robison, Bridge Decks Design: Con- struction, Rehabilitation, Replacement, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 1997, 118 pp. Bhidé, S., “Q & A—What Is Service Life and How Is it Pre- dicted?” HPC Bridge Views, No. 22, July/Aug. 2002, p. 4. Bishara, A.G., Latex-Modified Concrete Bridge Deck Over- lays—Field Performance Analysis, Report FHWA/OH/ 79/004, Ohio Department of Transportation, Columbus, 1979, 96 pp. Brown, B.C., A Further Evaluation of Concrete Bridge Deck Surfacing in Iowa, Special Report, Iowa Depart- ment of Transportation, Highway Division, Office of Materials, Ames, 1979, 22 pp. Cady, P.D., NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 209: Sealers for Portland Cement Concrete Highway Facili- ties, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1994, 85 pp. Causes, Evaluation, and Repair of Cracks in Concrete Structures (ACI 224.1R-93) (reapproved 1998), ACI Committee 224, American Concrete Institute, Farming- ton Hills, Mich., 1998, 22 pp. Cement and Concrete Terminology (ACI 116R-00), ACI Committee 116, American Concrete Institute, Farming- ton Hills, Mich., 2000, 73 pp. Chamberlin, W.P., “Performance and Service Life of Low- Slump Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays in New York State,” Corrosion Engineering, Vol. 44, No. 6, June 1988, pp. 397–403. Chamberlin, W.P. and R.E. Weyers, “Field Performance of La- tex-Modified and Low-Slump Dense Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays in the United States,” Concrete Bridges in Aggressive Environments, SP 151, American Concrete In- stitute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 1994, pp. 1–16. Chemical Admixtures for Concrete (ACI 212.3R-91) (reap- proved 1999), ACI Committee 212, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 1991, 31 pp. Cheng, T.T.H. and D.W. Johnston, Incidence Assessment of Transverse Cracking in Concrete Bridge Decks: Con- struction and Material Considerations, Report FHWA/NC/85-002, Vol. 1, North Carolina State Univer- sity, Raleigh, 1985, 232 pp. Clear, K.C., Evaluation of Portland Cement Concrete for Permanent Bridge Deck Repair, Report FHWA-RD-74- 5, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1974. Clear, K.C., Time-to-Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete Slabs, Vol. 3—Performance After 830 Daily Salt Applications, Report FHWA-RD-76-70, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1976. Concrete Slab Surface Defects: Causes, Prevention, Re- pair, Publication No. IS 177.07, Portland Cement Asso- ciation, Skokie, Ill., 2001, 16 pp. Cox, W.R. and K.R. Pruski, “High Performance Concrete Structures: A Work in Progress,” 82nd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Compendium of Papers (CD-ROM), Washington, D.C., 2003, 12 pp. Crawford, G.L., L.G. Wathne, and J.I. Mullarky, “A Fresh Perspective on Measuring Air Content,” Proceedings, 3rd International Symposium on High Performance Concrete and PCI National Bridge Conference, Or- lando, Fla., Oct. 19–22, 2003, Precast/Prestressed Con- crete Institute, Chicago, Ill. Crumpton, C.F. and J.E. Bukovatz, “Corrosion and Kansas Bridges,” Transportation Research Record 500, Trans- portation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1974, pp. 25–31. Darwin, D., J. Browning, J. Balma, J. Ji, L. Gong, T.V. Nguyen, and C.E. Locke, Jr., “Corrosion-Resistant Re- inforcing Steels,” Proceedings Concrete Bridge Confer- ence (CD-ROM), Nashville, Tenn., Oct. 6–9, 2002.

39 Hagen, M.G., Bridge Deck Deterioration and Restora- tion—Final Report, Report FHWA/MN/RD-83/01, Minnesota Department of Transportation, St. Paul, 1982, 37 pp. Darwin, D., J. Browning, T.V. Nguyen, and C. Locke, Jr., Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of a High- Strength, High Chromium Reinforcing Steel for Con- crete, Report No. SD 2001-05-F, South Dakota Depart- ment of Transportation, Pierre, Mar. 2001, 142 pp. Harsh, S. and D. Darwin, “Traffic-Induced Vibrations and Bridge Deck Repairs,” Concrete International, Vol. 8, No. 5, May 1986, pp. 36–42. Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks, Final Report, Coop- erative Study, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Ill., 1970, 35 pp. High-Performance Concrete Version 3.0 (Compact Disc), Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., Feb. 2003. Ehlen, M.A., Bridge LCC 1.0 Users Manual, NISTIR 6298, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md., 1999, 79 pp. Holland, T.C., “Benefits of Silica Fume in HPC,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 16, July/Aug. 2001, p. 3. Eitel, A.K. and A.A. Huckelbridge, Jr., “Health Monitor- ing System for a FRP Reinforced Concrete Replace- ment Bridge Deck,” Proceedings Concrete Bridge Conference (CD-ROM), Nashville, Tenn., Oct. 6–9, 2002. Hooton, R.D., M.A. Nagi, and H.C. Ozyildirim, “The Rapid Chloride Permeability Test,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 12, Nov./Dec. 2000, pp. 2–4. Hooton, R.D., M.D.A. Thomas, and K. Stanish, Prediction of Chloride Penetration in Concrete, Report FHWA- RD-00-142, Federal Highway Administration, Washing- ton, D.C., 2001, 412 pp. Erki, M.A. and S.H. Rizkalla, “FRP Reinforcement for Concrete Structures,” Concrete International, Vol. 15, No. 6, June 1993, pp. 48–53. Houston, J.T., E. Atimay, and P.M. Ferguson, Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel Embedded in Structural Concrete, Re- port CFHR-3-5-68-112-1F, Center for Highway Re- search, University of Texas, Austin, 1972. Frascoia, R.I., Evaluation of a Linseed Oil and Mineral Spirits Compound Used as a Bridge Deck Sealant, Re- port 73-2, Vermont Department of Highways, Montpe- lier, 1973. Kaderbek, S.L., S.L. Tracy, and P.D. Krauss, “HPC for Chi- cago’s Wacker Drive,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 19, Jan./Feb. 2002, pp. 3–4. French, C., L. Eppers, L. Quoc, and J.F. Hajjar, “Transverse Cracking in Concrete Bridge Decks,” Transportation Research Record 1688, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1999, pp. 21–29. Kahrs, J.T., D. Darwin, and C.E. Locke, Jr., Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance of Type 304 Stainless Steel Clad Re- inforcing Bars, SM Report No. 65, University of Kansas Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence, 2001, 76 pp. Gaidis, J.M. and A.M. Rosenberg, “Benefits of Corrosion Inhibitors in HPC,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 21, May/June 2002, p. 3. Kepler, J.L., D. Darwin, and C.E. Locke, Jr., Evaluation of Corrosion Protection Methods for Reinforced Concrete Highway Structures, SM Report No. 58, University of Kansas Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence, 2000, 222 pp. Gong, L., D. Darwin, J.P. Browning, and C.E. Locke, Jr., Evaluation of Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of MMFX Reinforcing Steel for Concrete, SM Report No. 70, University of Kansas Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence, 2002, 113 pp. Kerkhoff, B., “Benefits of Air Entrainment in HPC,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 23, Sep./Oct. 2002, p. 3. Goodspeed, C.H., S. Vanikar, and R. Cook, “High- Performance Concrete Defined for Highway Struc- tures,” Concrete International, Vol. 18, No. 2, Feb. 1996, pp. 62–67. Khalifa, M.A., S.S.B. Kuska, and J. Krieger, “Bridges Con- structed Using Fiber Reinforced Plastics,” Concrete International, Vol. 15, No. 6, June 1993, pp. 43–47. 326. Khaleghi, B. and J. Weigel, “HPC Bridge Decks in Wash- ington State,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 15, May/June 2001, p. 2. Goodspeed, C., N. Goulas, D. Scott, and R. Steffen, “In- creased Design Life in New England Bridges Using HPC/FRP Materials,” Proceedings Concrete Bridge Con- ference (CD-ROM), Nashville, Tenn., Oct. 6–9, 2002. Kilareski, W.P., “Epoxy Coatings for Corrosion Protection of Reinforcement Steel,” Chloride Corrosion of Steel in Concrete, STP 629, American Society of Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, Pa., 1997. Guide for Concrete Highway Bridge Deck Construction (ACI 345R-91) (reapproved 1997), ACI Committee 345, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 1997, 38 pp. Klieger, P., “Effect of Atmospheric Conditions During the Bleeding Period and Time of Finishing on the Scale Resistance of Concrete,” ACI Proceedings, Vol. 52, 1955, pp. 309– Guide to Durable Concrete (ACI 201.2R-92) (reapproved 1997), ACI Committee 201, American Concrete Insti- tute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 1992, 41 pp. Kochanski, T., J. Parry, D. Pruess, L. Schuchardt, and J. Zeihr, Premature Cracking of Bridge Decks Study, Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Madison, 1990. Hadidi, R. and M.A. Saadeghraziri, “State of the Art of Early Age Transverse Cracking of Concrete Bridge Decks,” 82nd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Re- search Board, Jan. 12–16, 2003, Compendium of Papers (CD-ROM), Washington, D.C., 2003, 15 pp. Kosmatka, S.H., B. Kerkhoff, and W.C. Panarese, Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures, Engineering Bulletin

40 McGovern, J.F., “Report of the Committee on Bridge and Culvert Maintenance,” Highway Research Abstract, Vol. 25, No. 3, 1955, pp. 32–40. 001, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Ill., 2002, 358 pp. Krauss, P.D. and E.A. Rogalla, NCHRP Report 380: Trans- verse Cracking in Newly Constructed Bridge Decks, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1996, 126 pp. Miller, G.G. and D. Darwin, Performance and Construc- tability of Silica Fume Bridge Deck Overlays, SM Re- port No. 57, University of Kansas Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence, 2000, 423 pp. Larson, T.D., P.D. Cady, and J.T. Price, “Review of a Three-Year Bridge Deck Study in Pennsylvania,” Highway Research Record 266, Highway Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1968, pp. 11–25. Nash, P.T., H.W. Parker, and R.W. Feingold, Cathodic Pro- tection of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck—Big Spring, Report FHWA/TX-94 500-2F, Texas Depart- ment of Transportation, Austin, 1994, 148 pp. NCHRP Report 381: Report on the 1995 Scanning Review of European Bridge Structures, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1996, 30 pp. Luther, M.D., “Silica Fume (Microsilica) Concrete in Bridges in the United States,” Transportation Re- search Record 1204, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1988, pp. 11–20. NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 4: Concrete Bridge Deck Durability, Transportation Research Board, Na- tional Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1970, 28 pp. Luther, M.D., “Silica Fume (Microsilica) Concrete in Bridges,” Concrete International, Vol. 15, No. 4, Apr. 1993, pp. 29–33. Malisch, W.R., D.A. Raecke, D.M. Fischer, J.L. Lott, T.W. Kennedy, and C.E. Kessler, NCHRP Report 27: Physical Factors Influencing Resistance of Concrete to Deicing Agents, Transportation Research Board, National Re- search Council, Washington, D.C., 1966, 41 pp. NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 57: Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1979, 61 pp. NCHRP Research Results Digest 282: Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites for Concrete Bridge Deck Reinforce- ment, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2003, 3 pp. Manning, D.G., NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 86: Effect of Traffic-Induced Vibrations on Bridge Deck Re- pairs, Transportation Research Board, National Re- search Council, Washington, D.C., 1981, 40 pp. Ozyildirim, C., “Concrete Bridge-Deck Overlays Contain- ing Silica Fume,” Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag, and Natu- ral Pozzolans in Concrete, Proceedings, Fourth Interna- tional Conference, Istanbul, Turkey, Publication SP-132, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 1992, pp. 1287–1301. Manning, D.G., NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 220: Waterproofing Membranes for Concrete Bridge Decks, Transportation Research Board, National Re- search Council, Washington, D.C., 1995, 69 pp. Manning, D.G., “Corrosion Performance of Epoxy-Coated Reinforcing Steel: North American Experience,” Con- struction and Building Materials, Vol. 10, No. 5, July 1996, pp. 349–365. Ozyildirim, C., “Resistance to Penetration of Chlorides into Concretes Containing Latex, Fly Ash, Slag, and Sil- ica Fume,” Durability of Concrete, Third International Conference, Nice, France, Publication SP-145, Ameri- can Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 1994, pp. 503–518. Manning, D.G. and M.J. Owens, “Ontario’s Experience with Concrete Overlays for Bridge Decks,” Preprint pre- pared for the Annual Conference of Roads and Transportation Association of Canada, Design Volume, 1977, pp. 61–78. Ozyildirim, H.C., “Q & A—What Value of Chloride Per- meability Should I Specify for a Bridge Deck?” HPC Bridge Views, No. 26, Mar./Apr. 2003, p. 4. McCollum, B.F., “Design and Construction of Conven- tional Bridge Decks That Are Resistant to Spalling,” Transportation Research Record 604, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washing- ton, D.C., 1976. Perfetti, G.R., D.W. Johnston, and W.L. Bingham, Inci- dence Assessment of Transverse Cracking in Concrete Bridge Decks: Structural Considerations, Report FHWA/NC/88002, Vol. 2, North Carolina State Univer- sity, Raleigh, 1985, 201 pp. McCrum, L. and C.J. Arnold, Evaluation of Simulated Bridge Deck Slabs Using Uncoated, Galvanized, and Epoxy Coated Reinforcing Steel, Research Report No. R-1320, Michigan Department of Transportation, Lansing, 1993. Pfeifer, D.W., D.B. McDonald, and P. Krauss, “Rapid Chlo- ride Permeability Test and Its Correlation to the 90-Day Chloride Ponding Test,” PCI Journal, Vol. 39, No. 1, Jan.–Feb. 1994, pp. 38–47. Pianca, F., Assessment of Stainless Steel Clad Reinforce- ment for Ministry Use, Ontario Ministry of Transporta- tion, Materials Engineering and Research Office, Downsview, ON, Canada, Dec. 2000, 10 pp. McDonald, D.B., D.W. Sherman, D.W. Pfeifer, and Y.P. Virmani, “Stainless Steel Reinforcing as Corrosion Pro- tection,” Concrete International, Vol. 17, No. 5, May 1995, pp. 65–70.

41 Poppe, J.B., Factors Affecting the Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks, Report FHWA/CA/SD-81/2, California Department of Transportation, Sacramento, 1981. Praul, M.F., “Curing for HPC Bridge Decks—Bring on the Water,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 15, May/June 2001, p. 1. Prusinski, J.R., “Benefits of Slag Cement in HPC,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 19, Jan./Feb. 2002, p. 2. Pyc, W.A., R.E. Weyers, M.M. Sprinkel, R.M. Weyers, D.W. Mokarem, and J.G. Dillard, “Performance of Ep- oxy-Coated Reinforcing Steel,” Concrete International, Vol. 22, No. 2, Feb. 2000, pp. 57–62. Rizkalla, S., E. Shehata, A. Abdelrahman, and G. Tadros, “The New Generation,” Concrete International, Vol. 20, No. 6, June 1998, pp. 47–50. Russell, H.G., “ACI Defines High-Performance Concrete,” Concrete International, Vol. 21, No. 2, Feb. 1999, pp. 56–57. Russell, H.G., R.A. Miller, H.C. Ozyildirim, and M.K. Tadros, “Compilation and Evaluation of Results from High Performance Concrete Bridge Projects—Final Re- port” (CD-ROM), Proceedings, 3rd International Sym- posium on High Performance Concrete and PCI Na- tional Bridge Conference, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 19–22, 2003. Ryell, J. and B.S. Richardson, Cracks in Concrete Bridge Decks and Their Contribution to Corrosion of Reinforc- ing Steel and Prestressing Cables, Report IR51, Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Downsview, ON, Canada, 1972. Samples, L.M. and J.A. Ramirez, “Field Investigation of Concrete Bridge Decks in Indiana, Part 1,” Concrete In- ternational, Vol. 22, No. 2, Feb. 2000a, pp. 53–56. Samples, L.M. and J.A. Ramirez, “Field Investigation of Concrete Bridge Decks in Indiana, Part 2,” Concrete In- ternational, Vol. 22, No. 3, Mar. 2000b, pp. 59–63. Schell, H. and J. Konecny, “Ontario’s HPC Performance Specification,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 15, May/June 2001, pp. 3–6. Schiessl, P., Review of the KC, Inc. Reports on Effective- ness of Epoxy-Coated Reinforcing Steel, Canadian Stra- tegic Highway Research Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1992, 15 pp. Schmidt, T.P., “The Owner’s Representative’s Perspective,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 27, May/June 2003, p. 2. Schmitt, T.R. and D. Darwin, Cracking in Concrete Bridge Decks, SM Report No. 39, University of Kansas Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence, 1995, 152 pp. Schmitt, T.R. and D. Darwin, “Effect of Material Properties on Cracking in Bridge Decks,” Journal of Bridge Engi- neering, Vol. 4, No. 1, Feb. 1999, pp. 8–13. Schultz, H., “Ohio HPC Bridge Decks with Warranty,” HPC Bridge Views, No. 24, Nov./Dec. 2002, p. 2. Smith, J.L. and Y.P. Virmani, Performance of Epoxy-Coated Rebars in Bridge Decks, Report FHWA-RD-96-092, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1996. 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42 Westall, W.G., “Bonded Resurfacing and Repairs of Con- crete Pavement,” Highway Research Board Bulletin 260, Highway Research Program, National Research Coun- cil, Washington, D.C., 1960, pp. 14–24. Weyers, R.E., W.P. Chamberlin, P. Hoffman, and P.D. Cady, Concrete Bridge Protection and Rehabilitation: Chemi- cal and Physical Techniques, Interim Report SHRP Pro- ject C-103, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Uni- versity, Blacksburg, 1991, 92 pp. Weyers, R.E., W. Pyc, J. Zemajtis, L. Youping, D. Moka- rem, and M.M. Sprinkel, “Field Investigation of Corro- sion-Protection Performance of Bridge Decks Con- structed with Epoxy-Coated Reinforcing Steel in Virginia,” Transportation Research Record 1597, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1997, pp. 82–90. Whiting, D., Rapid Determination of the Chloride Perme- ability of Concrete, Report FHWA-RD-00-1981, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., pp. 81– 119. Whiting, D. and R. Detwiler, NCHRP Report 410: Silica Fume Concrete for Bridge Decks, Transportation Re- search Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1998, 18 pp., plus appendices. Whiting, D. and T.M. Mitchell, “History of the Rapid Chlo- ride Permeability Test,” Transportation Research Record 1335, Transportation Research Board, National Re- search Council, Washington, D.C., 1992, pp. 55–62.

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 Concrete Bridge Deck Performance
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TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 333: Concrete Bridge Deck Performance examines previous and current design and construction practices designed to improve the performance of bridge decks. Topics covered in this synthesis include factors that contribute to the durability of concrete bridge decks; performance of various types of deck protection strategies; lessons learned and the current state of the practice in design, construction, and maintenance of concrete bridge decks; available comparative analysis of the effects of using different methods and materials; specific reports of successes and failures; sample design and construction specifications; and more.

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